Botanic Garden : History of the Garden

Black and white photo of the glass house

A guide book written for the Botanic Garden in the early 1970's tells us:

"The first Botanic Garden in Durham was founded in 1925 when the grounds of the science laboratories where laid out as an experimental garden. As the sciences expanded within the University and more buildings were constructed the garden decreased proportionately, and it was decided in 1969 to move the garden to a new site where it could develop undisturbed and develop an identity of its own"

The Botanic Garden has been on this site since 1970. It was created primarily for teaching and research. As the garden matured a Visitor Centre was built and opened in 1988 by Dame Margot Fonteyn, the Chancellor of the University at the time, to accommodate the 6,000 annual visitors. The garden now attracts over 80,000 visitors annually.

On the tabs below, you can read more about different aspects of the Garden’s history.

The Old Guide

On the right hand side you can download pages from the 1970’s guide book written for visitors to the Botanic Garden. See how much has changed over the years!

Cover the bird guide, alongside a blue tit

The 1985 Bird Guide

The following information has been copied from a pamphlet "Birds of the University of Durham Botanic Gardens and Woodland", which was written in 1985 by Kathleen O'Brien. The original pamphlet can be found in Durham University Library.

"It is with much pleasure that we are able to publish this list of birds, carefully prepared by Mrs Kathleen O'Brien, giving at a glance some indication of the wealth of wildlife (apart from the plants) to be found associated with the University Botanic Garden and surrounding woodlands. A more detailed study reveals many as seasonal visitors to the area, doubtlessly encouraged by a management policy now operating in the woodlands for some decades of encouraging our native broadleaved trees and planning operations to encourage the amenity or conservation interests of the area rather that short term financial gain.

"Kathleen is well-known to bird-lovers in the area and hopefully her list will encourage many more potential bird lovers, possibly initially attracted to the area because of the variety of plants cultivated in the Botanic Garden or the beauty of the woodland walks. And it is well known that plant lovers are of course nature lovers in the broader sense. More details about the R.S.P.B. and their valuable work can be had by dropping a note to her at South Lodge, South Road, Durham."

Common name	Status	Scientific name
Grey Heron	Regular visitor	Ardea cinerea
Mallard	Breeding resident	Anas Platyrhynchos
Sparrowhawk	Resident in the area	Accipiter nisus
Kestrel	Resident in the area	Falco tinnunculus
Grey partridge	Breeding resident	Perdix perdix
Pheasant	Breeding resident	Phasianus colchicus
Moorhen	Breeding resident	Gallinula chloropus
Lapwing	Breeding resident	Vanellus vanellus
Woodcock	Breeding resident	Scolopax rusticola
Blackheaded gull	Occur in the area	Larus ridibundus
Herring gull	Occur in the area	Larus argentatus
Great black-backed gull	Occasional visitor	Larus marinus
Stock dove	Breeding resident	Columba oenas
Woodpigeon	Common Breeding resident	Columba palumbus
Collared dove	Resident. Loves sitting on telegraph wires	Streptopelia decaocto
Cuckoo	Summer visitor. More often heard than seen	Cuculus canorus
Tawnyowl	Breeding resident	Strix aluco
Swift	Summer visitor	Apus apus
Great-spotted woodpecker	Regularly seen	Dendrocopos major
Skylark	Breeding resident	Alauda arvensis
Swallow	A regular summer visitor	Hirundo rustica
House martin	A regular summer visitor	Delichon urbica
Meadow pipit	Breeding resident	Anthus pratensis
Pied wagtail	Resident. Frequents the sewage treatment plant	Motacilla alba
Wren	Common Breeding resident	Troglodytes troglodytes
Dunnock	Common Breeding resident	Prunella modularis
Robin	Common Breeding resident	Erithacus rubecula
Redstart	Occasional summer visitor	Phoenicurus phoenicurus
Blackbird	Common Breeding resident	Turdus meula
Fieldfare	Winter visitor	Turdus pilaris
Song thrush	Breeding resident	Turdus philomelos
Redwing	Winter visitor	Turdus iliacus
Mistle thrush	Breeding resident	Turdus viscivorus
Sedge warbler	Summer visitor	Acrocephalus schoenobaenus
Whitethroat	Breeding summer visitor	Sylvia communis
Garden warbler	Breeding summer visitor	Sylvia borin
Blackcap	Breeding summer visitor. Sometimes over winters	Sylvia atricapilla
Chiffchaff	Breeding summer visito. Favours blaids wood area	Phylloscopus collybita
Willow warbler	Common breeding summer visitor	Phylloscopus trochilus
Goldcrest	Breeding resident	Regulus regulus
Spotted flycatcher	Scarce summer visitor	Muscicapa striata
Long-tailed tit	Breeding resident	Aegithoalos caudatus
Marsh tit	Resident	Parus palustris
Willow tit	Resident	Parus montanus
Coal tit	Breeding resident	Parus ater
Blue tit	Common Breeding resident	Parus Caeruleus
Great tit	Common Breeding resident	Parus major
Nuthatch	Breeding resident	Sitta europaea
Treecreeper	Breeding resident	Certhia familiaris
Jay	Breeding resident	Garrulus glandarius
Magpie	Common Breeding resident	Pica pica
Jackdaw	Common Breeding resident	Corvus monedula
Rook	Regular visitor	Corvus frugilegus
Carrion crow	Common Breeding resident	Corvus corone
Starling	Common Breeding resident	Sturnus vulgaris
House sparrow	Common Breeding resident	Passer domesticus
Tree sparrow	Breeding resident	Passer montanus
Chaffinch	Breeding resident. Joined in winter by visitors from Northern Europe.	Fringilla coelebs
Brambling	Winter visitor. Often in flocks with other finches.	Fringilla montifringilla
Greenfinch	Breeding resident	Carduelis chloris
Goldfinch	Breeding resident	Carduelis carduelis
Siskin	Irregular winter visitor. Prefers Alders.	Carduelis spinus
Linnet	Breeding resident	Carduelis cannabina
Redpoll	Regular visitor	Carduelis flammea
Bullfinch	Breeding resident	Pyrrhula pyrrhula
Yellowhammer	Breeding resident. Particularly like gorse and hawthorn bushes.	Emberiza citrinella

"Doubtlessly other species will be seen in the woodlands in the future. If you have news of new observations, please let us know by writing to the Botanic Garden, Hollingside Lane, Durham. We will revise this guide when sufficient new records and observations have been received. Meanwhile this ought not to be regarded as a definitive scientific document, but rather a checklist to inform the interested bird-watcher possibly visiting the garden for the first time"

-Kathleen O'Brien, 1985

This webpage was created by Michael Cooper on 29th December 2006 whilst on work experience from Durham Johnston School (revised 20^th December 2013).

The FJR 1915 Headstone

This headstone can be found in a small dell behind the monkey puzzle tree. It was placed there by the Roberts family who once lived in Hollingside House, a short walk away. It is in memory of Major Frederick John Roberts, who is buried in France, at Chocques Military Cemetery.

The 1970’s Glasshouses

The Botanic Garden was initially set up by the Botany Department, its main focus being that of teaching and research. Visitors to the garden today can still see the original plantings in the Cactus and Tropical Houses, but the rest of the glasshouse is now very different. The pictures here show the present day Conservatory and Glassroom sections, as they were in the 1970s when research was the main use of these sections.

Over time, the research methods developed in the greenhouses were used less and less - instead the research was becoming much more 'hi-tech' and specialized 'growth rooms' were being used more. As space became available and visitor numbers were increasing rapidly, the research sections were developed into what you see today.

A special thank you to Paul Sidney for providing these photographs.

The Visitor Centre

The "official opening" of the Visitor Centre by Dame Margot Fonteyn took place on Friday 1st July 1988 - shown below with Professor Don Boulter after whom the main room in the Visitor Centre is named. Don was Head of Botany/Biological Sciences at the time.

Official Opening Programme

The Prince Bishop Statues

These statues once stood in front of the coffee shop. They were originally created for the 1990 Gateshead Garden festival by local artist Colin Wilbourn. Colin also made a much loved sculpture by Prebends bridge in Durham, called the “upper room”. Both pieces survived for about 20 years before they naturally decayed. The statues in the Botanic Garden were officially opened in 1992 by the Chancellor of the University at that time, Sir Peter Ustinov. They were of three famous industrialists and three Prince Bishops, their metal "shadows" depicting what they had been famous for in their lives, the installation being called "In the shadows of the past".

History of the Garden

The Old Guide

The 1985 Bird Guide

The FJR 1915 Headstone

The 1970’s Glasshouses

The Visitor Centre

The Prince Bishop Statues

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