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Bioarchaeology Research Group

A research group of the Department of Archaeology.

The Bioarchaeology Research Group at Durham is undertaking and expanding cutting edge and internationally renowned research reconstructing human lifeways using biological remains. Members of the group have a broad range of expertise in biomolecular archaeology, zooarchaeology, archaeobotany, palaeoecology, and palaeopathology. We are involved in a wide range of research projects on diverse geographical and temporal scales.

The group focuses on a number of related research themes, addressing major archaeological questions with the development of new techniques, alongside established methods:

dispersals and diasporas,
the origins and spread of agriculture,
diet, and
health.

We have obtained funding for this work with research grants from the AHRC, NERC, the British Academy, the Wellcome Trust and the Leverhulme Trust. Visiting scholars in recent years have included Prof Prof Yuan Jing (Institute of Archaeology, Beijing, funded by Leverhulme Trust) and Prof Jane Buikstra (Arizona State University, funded by the Institute of Advanced Studies).

The group includes a number of post-doctoral researchers and postgraduate and undergraduate students undertaking dissertations on key research areas. Major collaborative projects are a hallmark of the Bioarchaeology Research Group and thus we believe the academic environment for such work within the Department of Archaeology at Durham is currently unsurpassed anywhere in the UK. We welcome enquiries about potential research projects at post-graduate and post-doctoral levels.

Dispersals and Diasporas

Our group uses a variety of cutting edge techniques to investigate the movement of people and the animals that travel with them. Andrew Millard and Mike Richards are experts in the application of strontium and oxygen isotopes to identify individuals who have migrated, with post-doctoral or PhD projects applying this methodology to Medieval Britain (NERC funded), the Beaker period (AHRC funded), Crusaders (British Academy funded), the Dutch Neolithic (NWO funded) and Minoan Crete (Wiener Foundation funded). Charlotte Roberts and Sarah Groves are applying similar methods in collaboration with colleagues from NCIET in Earth Sciences (Graham Pearson and Colin MacPherson) to the people buried at the Bowl-Hole Anglian cemetery at Bamburgh (AHRC funded). Recent British Academy funding (Charlotte Roberts, Andrew Millard, and Earth Science colleagues) is exploring the origin and mobility of pre-Columbian syphilitic individuals from Hull.

Keith Dobney and Greger Larson are using novel genetic and morphometric methods to study the dispersal of animals across Europe (pig and Orkney vole), and the Pacific (pig and Pacific rat), which has led to a new model for Austronesian dispersal. Mike Church uses innovative approaches to dating and charcoal production in Norse and medieval Iceland to investigate the timing and impact of Norse landnám in the North Atlantic.

Origins and Spread of Agriculture

Our projects in this area focus on the origins and spread of domesticated animals and plants, and the later innovations in husbandry and cultivation practices. The on-going Pig Project has had a number of grants and involves Peter Rowley-Conwy, and Greger Larson in wide-ranging studies of pig domestication and exploitation, which are having a major impact in this field. An initial Wellcome Trust and AHRB funded project on the bioarchaeology of pig domestication and husbandry established that pigs were domesticated in a number of different places and at different times. Current work by Keith Dobney focuses on the wider issues of the origin and spread of stock-keeping in the Near East and Europe (AHRC funded), whilst Peter Rowley-Conwy continues his high profile work on the Mesolithic of Denmark and Southern Sweden. A recently awarded grant from NERC to Keith Dobney and Greger Larson with Una Strand Viðarsdóttir (Anthropology) and Rus Hoelzel (Biological Sciences) will further develop and apply the combined techniques of aDNA and geometric morphometrics in domestic and wild pigs to explore signatures for independent domestication and the dispersal of early farmers in Europe.

Post-doctoral researchers in this area: Sue Colledge, Thomas Cucchi, Liora Horwitz, Barbara Stopp.

Diet

Mike Richards and Andrew Millard use carbon and nitrogen isotopes to investigate diet. Chronologically their work ranges from Neanderthals to the nineteenth century, and has a global coverage. Prehistoric diet is a major theme of this work, encompassing Palaeolithic diets, the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition in Europe, and Beaker period diet, but we also research later periods, notably through Charlotte Roberts and Sarah Groves' work on the Anglian cemetery at Bamburgh. Keith Dobney, Peter Rowley-Conwy and Jacqui Huntley use more traditional investigations of animal and plant remains to investigate bioarchaeological remains from archaeological sites, notable recent work has focussed on the Anglo-Saxon site at Flixborough, Lincolnshire, and on Qasr Ibrim in Egyptian Nubia.

Health

Charlotte Roberts, Becky Gowland and Tina Jakob investigate past human health through question and hypothesis driven research,and place it in a socio-cultural context. Major projects focus on specific diseases and include studies of the origin and evolution of tuberculosis using biomolecular analysis (Roberts, NERC funded), the bioarchaeology of leprosy (Roberts, Leverhulme Trust funded) and biomolecular and histological approaches to identifying tuberculosis and syphilis in skeletal remains (Roberts and von Hunnius, SSHRC Canada funded). More general approaches to the health of communities form the basis of studies of Littleport Anglo-Saxon Cemetery (Gowland), the Bowl-Hole, Bamburgh (Roberts with Groves, AHRC funded) and ancient Rome (Gowland, British Academy funded) and the Global History of Health project (Roberts). Keith Dobney uses investigations of animal health to further our understanding of past societies.

Staff

Academic Staff

Archaeological Services Durham University

Dr Charlotte O'Brien

Research Student

From other departments

Dr Kirsty McCarrison

Publications by staff in this group

Books: authored

Gowland, R. L. & Thompson, T. J. U. (2013). Human Identity and Identification. Cambridge Cambridge University Press.
Roberts, C.A. (2012). Human remains in archaeology. A handbook. Practical Handbooks in Archaeology No 19. Council for British Archaeology.
Roberts, C.A. (2009). Human remains in archaeology: a handbook. Practical Handbooks in Archaeology No 19. York.: Council for British Archaeology.
Roberts, C.A. & Buikstra, J.E. (2008). The bioarchaeology of tuberculosis. A global view on a reemerging disease. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida.
Roberts, C.A. & Buikstra, J.E. (2003). The bioarchaeology of tuberculosis: a global view on a re-emerging disease. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida.

Books: edited

Buikstra, JE & Roberts, CA (2012). The Global History of Paleopathology: Pioneers and Prospects. Oxford University Press.

Edited works: contributions

Redfern, R. C. & Gowland, R. L. (2012). A bioarchaeological perspective on the pre-adult stages of the life course: implications for the care and health of children in the Roman Empire. In Families in the Roman and Late Antique World. Harlow, M. & Larsson Loven, L. Continuum. 111-140.

Journal papers: academic

Beaumont, J., Gledhill, A., Lee-Thorp, J. & Montgomery, J. (2013). Childhood diet: a closer examination of the evidence from dental tissues using stable isotope analysis of incremental human dentine. Archaeometry 55(2): 277-295.
Beaumont, J., Geber, J., Powers, N., Wilson, A.S., Lee-Thorp, Julia & Montgomery, J. (2013). Victims and survivors: stable isotopes used to identify migrants from the Great Irish Famine to 19th Century London. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 150: 87-98.
Larson, G & Burger, J (2013). A population genetics view of animal domestication. Trends in Genetics 29(4): 197-205.
Gowland, R.L. & Western, A.G. (2012). Morbidity in the Marshes: Using Spatial Epidemiology to Investigate Skeletal Evidence for Malaria in Anglo-Saxon England (AD410-1050). American Journal of Physical Anthropology 147(2): 301-311.
Evans, J.A., Chenery, C.A. & Montgomery, J. (2012). A summary of strontium and oxygen isotope variation in archaeological human tooth enamel excavated from Britain. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 27(5): 754.
Brettell, R., Montgomery, J. & Evans, J. (2012). Brewing and stewing: the effect of culturally mediated behaviour on the oxygen isotope composition of ingested fluids and the implications for human provenance studies. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 27(5): 778.
Assis, S, Santos, AL & Roberts, CA (2012). Does hypertrophic osteoarthropathy help in the diagnosis of pulmonary diseases: evidence from the Coimbra Skeletal Identified Collection. International Journal of Palaeopathology 1(3-4): 155-163.
Bouwman, AS, Kennedy, SL, Muller, R, Stephens, RH, Holst, M, Caffell, AC, Roberts, CA & Brown, TA (2012). Genotype of a historic strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109(45): 18511-18516.
Roberts, CA, Millard, AR, Nowell, GM, Grocke, D, Macpherson, C, Pearson G & Evans, DH (2012). Isotopic tracing of the impact of mobility on infectious disease: The origin of people with treponematosis buried in hull, England, in the late medieval period. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 150(2): 273-285.
Larson, Greger, Karlsson, Elinor K., Perri, Angela, Webster, Matthew T., Ho, Simon Y. W., Peters, Joris, Stahl, Peter W., Piper, Philip J., Lingaas, Frode, Fredholm, Merete, Comstock, Kenine E., Modiano, Jaime F., Schelling, Claude, Agoulnik, Alexander I., Leegwater, Peter A., Dobney, Keith, Vigne, Jean-Denis, Vilàt, Carles, Andersson, Leif & Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin (2012). Rethinking dog domestication by integrating genetics, archeology, and biogeography. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109(23): 8878-8883.
Towers, Jacqueline, Jay, Mandy, Mainland, Ingrid, Nehlich, Olaf & Montgomery, Janet (2011). A calf for all seasons? The potential of stable isotope analysis to investigate prehistoric husbandry practices. Journal of Archaeological Science 38(8): 1858-1868.
Killgrove, K., Montgomery, J. & Tykot, R. (2011). Dietary differences between immigrants and locals in Imperial Rome. American Journal Of Physical Anthropology 144: 185-185.
Melton, N.D. & Montgomery, J. (2011). GRISTHORPE MAN Bronze Age burial Solving the riddle of this mysterious stranger, first discovered in 1834. Current Archaeology (250): 20-27.
Mays, S., Ogden, A., Montgomery, J., Vincent, S., Battersby, W. & Taylor, G.M. (2011). New light on the personal identification of a skeleton of a member of Sir John Franklin's last expedition to the Arctic, 1845. Journal Of Archaeological Science 38(7): 1571-1582.
Roberts, C.A. & Mays, S. (2011). Study and restudy of curated skeletal collections in bioarchaeology: a perspective on the UK and the implications for future curation of human remains. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 21(5): 626-630.
Larson (2011). Genetics and Domestication: Important Questions for New Answers. Current Anthropology 52(S4): S485-S495.
Gowland, R. L. & Garnsey, P. (2010). Skeletal evidence for health, nutritional status and malaria in Rome and the empire. Journal of Roman Archaeology Supplement 78: 131-156.
Towers, J., Montgomery, J., Evans, J., Jay, M. & Pearson, M.P. (2010). An investigation of the origins of cattle and aurochs deposited in the Early Bronze Age barrows at Gayhurst and Irthlingborough. Journal Of Archaeological Science 37(3): 508-515.
Montgomery, J., Evans, J.A. & Horstwood, M.S.A. (2010). Evidence for long-term averaging of strontium in bovine enamel using TIMS and LA-MC-ICP-MS strontium isotope intra-molar profiles. Environmental Archaeology 15(1): 32-42.
Buckberry, J.L., Montgomery, J., Neale, N. & Towers, J. (2010). Finding Vikings in the Danelaw: An osteological and isotopic analysis of the Masham Anglo-Scandinavian cemetery. American Journal Of Physical Anthropology 74-74.
Montgomery, J., Evans, J.A., Chenery, S. R., Pashley, V. & Killgrove, K. (2010). Gleaming, white and deadly” using lead to track human exposure and geographic origins in the Roman period in Britain. Journal of Roman Archaeology Suppl. 78: 199-226.
Melton, Nigel, Montgomery, Janet, Knüsel, Christopher J., Batt, Cathy, Needham, Stuart, Pearson, Mike Parker, Sheridan, Alison, Heron, Carl, Horsley, Tim, Schmidt, Armin, Evans, Adrian, Carter, Elizabeth, Edwards, Howell, Hargreaves, Michael, Janaway, Rob, Lynnerup, Niels, Northover, Peter, O'Connor, Sonia, Ogden, Alan, Taylor, Timothy, Wastling, Vaughan & Wilson, Andrew (2010). Gristhorpe Man: an Early Bronze Age log-coffin burial scientifically defined. Antiquity 84(325): 796-815.
Melton, N., Montgomery, J., Knusel, C.J., Batt, C., Needham, S., Pearson, M.P., Sheridan, A., Heron, C., Horsley, T., Schmidt, A., Evans, A., Carter, E., Edwards, H., Hargreaves, M., Janaway, R., Lynnerup, N., Northover, P., O'Connor, S., Ogden, A., Taylor, T., Wastling, V. & Wilson, A. (2010). Gristhorpe Man: an Early Bronze Age log-coffin burial scientifically defined. Antiquity 84(325): 796-815.
Montgomery, J. (2010). Passports from the past: Investigating human dispersals using strontium isotope analysis of tooth enamel. Annals Of Human Biology 37(3): 325-346.
Evans, J.A., Montgomery, J., Wildman, G. & Boulton, N. (2010). Spatial variations in biosphere 87Sr/86Sr in Britain. Journal Of The Geological Society 167(1): 1-4.
Knusel, C.J., Batt, C.M., Cook, G., Montgomery, J., Muldner, G., Ogden, A.R., Palmer, C., Stern, B., Todd, J. & Wilson, A.S. (2010). The Identity of the St Bees Lady, Cumbria: An Osteobiographical Approach. Medieval Archaeology 54(1): 271-311.
Roberts, C.A. (2010). Adaptation of populations to changing environments: Bioarchaeological perspectives on health for the past, present and future. Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'Anthropologie de Paris 22(1-2): 38-46.
Larson, Greger, Liu, Ranran, Zhao, Xingbo, Yuan, Jing, Fuller, Dorian, Barton, Loukas, Dobney, Keith, Fan, Qipeng, Gu, Zhiliang, Liu, Xiao-Hui, Luo, Yunbing, Lv, Peng, Andersson, Leif & Li, Ning (2010). Patterns of East Asian pig domestication, migration, and turnover revealed by modern and ancient DNA. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107(17): 7686-7691
Montgomery, J., Evans, J. & Horstwood, M.S.A. (2009). Evidence for long-term averaging of Sr-87/Sr-86 in bovine enamel using TIMS and LA-MC-ICP-MS. Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta 73(13, Supplement 1): A896-A896.
Evans, J.A., Montgomery, J. & Wildman, G. (2009). Isotope domain mapping of Sr-87/Sr-86 biosphere variation on the Isle of Skye, Scotland. Journal of The Geological Society 166: 617-631.
Evans, J.A., Montgomery, J. & Wildman, G. (2009). Isotope domain mapping of Sr-87/Sr-86 biosphere variation, UK. Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta 73(13): A344-A344.
Muldner, G., Montgomery, J., Cook, G., Ellam, R., Gledhill, A. & Lowe, C. (2009). Isotopes and individuals: diet and mobility among the medieval Bishops of Whithorn. Antiquity 83(322): 1119-1133.
Nehlich, O., Montgomery, J., Evans, J., Schade-Lindig, S., Pichler, S.L., Richards, M.P. & Alt, K.W. (2009). Mobility or migration: a case study from the Neolithic settlement of Nieder-Mörlen (Hessen, Germany). Journal Of Archaeological Science 36(8): 1791-1799.
Heier, A., Evans, J.A. & Montgomery, J. (2009). The potential of carbonized grain to preserve biogenic (SR)-S-87/(SR)-S-86 signatures within the burial environment. Archaeometry 51(2): 277-291.
Wilbur, AK., Bouwman, AS., Stone, AC. Roberts, CA., Pfister, L. Buikstra, JE. & Brown, TA. (2009). Deficiencies and challenges in the study of ancient tuberculosis DNA. J Archaeological Science 36(9): 1990-1997.
Roberts, CA., Pfister, L. & Mays, S. (2009). Letter to the editor. Was tuberculosis present in Homo erectus in Turkey?. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 139(3): 442-444.
Stone, AC. Wilbur, AK. Buikstra, JE. & Roberts, CA. (2009). Mycobacterial disease in perspective. Yearbook of Physical Anthropology 52: 66-94.
Redman, J.E., Shaw, M.J., Mallet, A.I., Santos, A.L., Roberts, C.A., Gernaey, A.M. & Minnikin, D.E. (2009). Mycocerosic acid biomarkers for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in the Coimbra skeletal collection. Tuberculosis 89(4): 267-277.
Park, V., Roberts, CA. & Jakob, T. (2009). Palaeopathology in Britain: a critical analysis of publications with the aim of exploring recent trends (1997-2006). International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 19: 1-11.
Fang, M. Larson, G. Soares Ribeiro, H., Li, N. & Andersson, L. (2009). Contrasting Mode of Evolution at a Coat Color Locus in Wild and Domestic Pigs. PLoS Genetics 5(1): e1000341.
Horstwood, M.S.A., Evans, J.A. & Montgomery, J. (2008). Determination of Sr isotopes in calcium phosphates using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and their application to archaeological tooth enamel. Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta 72(23): 5659-5674.
Pellegrini, M., Donahue, R.E., Chenery, C., Evans, J., Lee-Thorp, J., Montgomery, J. & Mussi, M. (2008). Faunal migration in late-glacial central Italy: implications for human resource exploitation. Rapid Communications In Mass Spectrometry 22(11): 1714-1726.
Richards, M.P., Montgomery, J., Nehlich, O. & Grimes, V. (2008). Isotopic analysis of humans and animals from Vedrovice. Anthropologie XLVI(2-3): 185-194.
Jurmain, R. & Roberts, C.A. (2008). Juggling the evidence: the purported 'acrobat' from Tell Brak. Antiquity 82(318).
Roberts, C.A. & Ingham, S. (2008). Using ancient DNA analysis in palaeopathology: a critical analysis of published papers with recommendations for future work. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 18(6): 600-613.
Eriksson J. Larson G. Gunnarsson U., Bed'hom B. Tixier-Boichard M., Strömstedt, L., Wright, D., Jungerius, A. Vereijken, A. Randi, E. Jensen, P. & Andersson, L. (2008). Identification of the Yellow Skin Gene Reveals a Hybrid Origin of the Domestic Chicken. PLoS Genetics 4(2): e1000010.
Andrew Mellows Ross Barnett, Love Dalén, Edson Sandoval-Castellanos, Anna Linderholm, Thomas H. McGovern, Mike J. Church & Greger Larson (Published). The impact of past climate change on genetic variation and population connectivity in the Icelandic arctic fox. Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences 279(1747): 4568-4573.

Journal papers: popular

Redfern, R, Gowland, R & Powell, L (2013). La sante des enfants sous l'Empire romain. Dossiers d'Archaeologie 356: 80-83.

Books: reviews

Gowland, R. L (2010). Palaeoepidemiology: the measure of disease in the human past. Medical History 54(3): 407-408.
Roberts, C.A. (2010). Book review of Luke Demaitre: Leprosy in Premodern Medicine. A malady of the whole body. The Historian 72(3): 718-719.
Gowland, R.L. (2009). Children, Identity, and the Past. Edited by Liv Helga Dommasnes and Melanie Wrigglesworth. Childhood in the Past: An International Journal
Roberts, C.A. (2009). Book Review of Burial at the Site of the Parish Church of St Benet Sherehog before and after the Great Fire. Excavations at 1 Poultry, City of London. (MoLAS Monograph 39). By Adrian Miles & William White, with Danae Tankard. London: Museum of London, 2008. Medieval Archaeology 53: 464-465.
Roberts, C.A. (2009). Book review of M Signoli, D Chevé, P Adalaina, G Boëtsch, O Dutour (editors) 2008 Peste: entre épidemies et sociétés, Plague: epidemics and societies, 2007, Firenze University Press. Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'Anthropologie de Paris 20(3-4): 287-288.
Roberts, C.A. (2009). Book review of R David (ed): Egyptian mummies and modern science, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. Journal of Archaeological Science 36(8): 1816-1817.
Roberts C.A. (2009). Book review of The Black Death Cemetery, East Smithfield, London (MoLAS Monograph 43). By Ian Grainger, Duncan Hawkins, Lynne Cowal & Richard Mikulski. London: English Heritage/Museum of London Archaeology Service, 2008. Medieval Archaeology 53: 462-463.
Roberts, C.A. (2008). Book Review of T Waldron: St Peter’s, Barton-on-Humber, Lincolnshire. A Parish Church and its community. Volume 2. The human remains. Oxbow Books. Medieval Archaeology 52: 428-430.
Roberts, C.A. (2008). Book review of The Churchyard. Wharram: a Study of Settlement on the Yorkshire Wolds, XI by S. Mays, C. Harding, C. Heighway. York University Archaeological Publications, Vol. 13, York, 2007). Journal of Archaeological Science 35(7): 2083-2084.

Other publications: research

Roberts, CA, Alves Cardoso, F, Bernofsky, K, Henderson, C, Jakob T, Plomp, K, Ponce, P, Sharman, J & Spencer, R (2012). Palaeopathology: studying the origin, evolution and frequency of disease in human remains from archaeological sites. UNESCO EOLSS.

Books: sections

Richards, M.P. & Montgomery, J. (2012). Isotope analysis and paleopathology: A short review and future developments. In The Global History of Paleopathology: Pioneers and Prospects. Buikstra, J.E. & Roberts, C.A. Oxford University Press. 718-731.
Zvelebil, M. Lillie, M.C., Montgomery, J. , Lukes, A. Pettitt, P. & Richards, M.P. (2012). The emergence of the LBK: Migration, memory and meaning at the transition to agriculture. In Population Dynamics in Pre- and Early History: New Approaches By Using Stable Isotopes and Genetics. Burger, J. Kaiser, E. & Schier, W. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. 133-148.
Roberts, CA (2012). Re-emerging infections: developments in bioarchaeological contributions to understanding tuberculosis today. In A companion to paleopathology. Grauer, A Wiley-Blackwell. 434-457.
Roberts, CA (2012). Where have we been, where are we now, and what does the future hold? palaeopathology in the Uk over the last 30 years, with a few bees in my bonnet. In Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference of the British Association of Biological Anthropology and Osteoarchaeology. Mitchell, PD & Buckberry, J Archaeopress. 43-52.
Montgomery, J., Knüsel, C. & Tucker, K. (2011). Identifying the origins of decapitated male skeletons from 3 Driffield Terrace, York, through isotope analysis: reflections of the cosmopolitan nature of Roman York in the time of Caracalla. In The Bioarchaeology of the Human Head: Decapitation, Decoration and Deformation. Bonogofsky, M. University Press of Florida. 141-178.
Roberts, C.A. (2010). Human Remains. In Excavations at Baldock, Hertfordshire, 1978-1994. Volume 1. An Iron Age and Romano-British cemetery at Wallington Road. Burleigh, G.R & Fitzpatrick-Matthews, K.J. Letchworth Garden City: North Hertfordshire District Council Museums Service and North Hertfordshire Archaeological Society. 1: 187-197.
Montgomery, J., Muldner, G., Cook, G., Gledhill, A. & Ellam, R. (2009). Isotope analysis of bone collagen and tooth enamel. In 'Clothing for the Soul Divine': Burials at the Tomb of St Ninian. Excavations at Whithorn Priory, 1957-67. Lowe, C. Historic Scotland. Archaeology Report No.3: 63-80.
Montgomery, J., Evans, J. A., Chenery, C. A. & Müldner, G. (2009). Stable isotope analysis of bone. In Wasperton: A Roman, British and Anglo-Saxon Community in Central England. Carver, M.O.H., Hills, C. & Scheschkewitz, J. Boydell and Brewer. 48-49.
Roberts, CA. (2009). Health and welfare in medieval England: the human skeletal remains contextualised. In Reflections:50 years of medieval archaeology 1957-2007. Gilchrist, R. & Reynolds, A. Leeds: Maney Publishers. 307-325.
Roberts, C.A. (2009). Health and welfare: lessons from the past. In Thinking about almost everything new ideas to light up minds. Amin, A. & O'Neill, M. London.: Profile Books Ltd.
Roberts, C.A. (2008). Commentary I: Understanding health: past and present. In Health, risk and adversity. Panter-Brick, C. & Fuentes A. New York and Oxford: Berghahn Books. Volume 2, Studies of the Biosocial Society.: 13-25.
Roberts, C.A. (2008). Health, healing and disease. In Encylopedia of Archaeology. Pearsall, D. New York: Academic Press. 1417-1426.
Roberts, C.A. & Buikstra, J.E. (2008). The history of tuberculosis from earliest times to the development of drugs. In Clinical tuberculosis. Davies, P.D.O., Barnes, P.F. & Gordon, S.B. London: Hodder Arnold. 3-19.

Edited works: conference proceedings

Lewis, M. E. & Gowland, R. L. (2009). Infantile cortical hyperostosis: cases, causes and contradictions. Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Conference of the British Association for Biological Anthropology and Osteoarchaeology, University of Reading, Archaeopress.