Current Postgraduate Students

Dr Richard J. Hardy
Contact Dr Richard J. Hardy (email at r.j.hardy@durham.ac.uk)
Biography
My primary research centres on the development of mathematical models for open channel hydraulics and sediment transport. This is achieved through both theoretical development and practical application of Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) codes. Recently this has concentrated on flow structure generation at high spatio-temporal scales. This has included both the development of an innovative technique to include complex topography within a numerical scheme and the application of time dependent turbulence schemes (Large Eddy Simulation) to open channel flows. Previous research has addressed larger scale applications of open channel hydraulic schemes including; (i) flow in individual geomorphological units (e.g. confluences, meander bends) and; (ii) modelling hydraulic and sediment transport schemes for studying reach scale floodplain dynamics.
My other research interests include the application of remote sensing data and GIS techniques to geomorphological problems. This includes work in the field of glaciology as well as studying geotechnical problems.
Current Projects
I am presently employed on a NERC Fellowship. The aim of this fellowship is the development of a high resolution integrated Computational Fluid Dynamic sediment transport (CFD-ST) model for the prediction of total sediment transport in a time dependent framework. The intended final product will combine the derivation of high resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) from digital photogrametry, the inclusion of this topographic data within a stable CFD framework (dynamic porosity algorithm) and the development of a high resolution total sediment load transport model driven through Large Eddy Simulations (LES). The proposed development will enable the construction of a high resolution spatio-temporal model of flow and sediment transport within a fluvial environment.
The fluid dynamics and bed morphology of large natural open channel confluences: 3D field quantification and numerical modelling. Channel confluences are ubiquitous features of all fluvial networks and represents sites of complex, three dimensional flow and sediment dynamics. However, current understanding of these sites is based largely on laboratory experiments and study of small scale field sites. No studies have documented the dynamics of large, natural channel junctions. Our ability to model and manage these key sites is thus severely limited. Here we propose to use acoustic Doppler current profiling and digital echo-sounding to quantify the field and sediment dynamics of one of the world's largest confluences between the Paraná and Paraguay, Argentina. This will quantify scale invariance in junction flow dynamics and provide validation data and output from a numerical model of flow. Study of bedform kinematics will also yield an understanding of the bed morphology at these sites.
Research Groups
- Catchment, River and Hillslope Science (CRHS)
Research Projects
- Flow structures and flow partitioning at river channel bifurcations
Supervises
- Miss Carly Maynard
- Mr Timothy Marjoribanks
- Mr Matthew Tancock
- Mr Bishnu Sharma
- Mr Jack Williams
- Miss Siobhan Whadcoat
- Miss Rosemary Fewings
Selected Publications
Books: sections
- Lane, S.N., Hardy, R.J., Yu, D., Tayefi, V. & Reid, S.C. (2006). Climate change, sediment delivery and flood risk explored using two-dimensional inundation modelling. In River Flow 2006. Ferreria, R.M.L., Alves, E.C.T.L., Leal, J.G.A.B. & Cardos, A.H. London.: Taylor and Francis Group. 2147-2156.
- Lane, S.N., Mould, D.C., Carbonneau, P.E., Hardy, R.J. & Bergeron, N. (2006). Fuzzy modelling of habitat suitability using 2D and 3D hydrodynamic models: biological challenges. In River Flow. Ferreria, R.M.L., Alves, E.C.T.L., Leal, J.G.A.B. & Cardos, A.H. London.: Taylor & Francis Group. 2043-2053.
- Hardy, R.J. (2006). Modelling granular sediment transport over water worked gravels within a CFD framework. In River Flow 2006. Ferreria, R. M. L., Alves, E. C. T. L., Leal, J. G. A. B. & Cardos, A. H. London: Taylor & Francis Group. 913-918.
- Parsons, D. Best, J.L., Lane, S.N., Hardy, R.J., Kostaschuck, D., Shugar, D. & Orfeo, O. (2006). Morhpology, flow and sediment transport over a natural 3D dune field: Rio Paraná, Argentina. In River Flow 2006. Ferreria, R.M.L., Alves, E.C.T.L., Leal, J.G.A.B. & Cardos, A.H. London.: Taylor & Francis Group. 977-1004.
- Orfeo, O., Parsons, D.R., Best, J.L., Lane, S.N., Hardy, R.J., Kostaschuk, R.N., Szupiany, R.N. & Amsler, M.L. (2006). Morphology and flow structures in a large confluence-diffluence: Rio Paraná, Argentina. In River Flow 2006. Ferreria, R.M.L., Alves, E.C.T.L., Leal, J.G.A.B. & Cardos, A.H. London.: Taylor & Francis Group. 1277-1291.
- Hardy, R.J., Parsons, D.R., Best, J.L., Lane, S.N., Kostaschuck, R. & Orfeo', O. (2006). Three-dimensional numerical modelling of flows over a natural dune field. In River Flow 2006. Ferreria, R.M.L., Alves, E.C.T.L., Leal, J.G.A.B & Cardos, A.H. London.: Taylor and Francis. 1077-1083.
- Lane, S.N., Hardy, R.J., Ferguson, R.I. & Parsons, D.R. (2005). A framework for model verification and validation of CFD schemes in natural open channel flows. In Computational Fluid Dynamics Applications in Environmental Hydraulics. Bates, M. & Lane, S.N. John Wiley & Sons. 329-355.
- Parsons, D.R., Ferguson, R.I., Lane, S.N. & Hardy, R.J. (2004). Flow structures in meander bends with recirculation zones: implications for bend movements. In River Flow 2004. Greco, M., Carravetta, A. & Della Morte, R. 49-59.
- Best, J.L., Kostaschuk, R. & Hardy, R.J. (2004). The fluid dynamics of low-angle river dunes: results from integrated field monitoring, laboratory experimentation and numerical modelling. In Proceedings Marine Sand-wave and River Dune Dynamics II. Hulscher, S., Garlan, T. & Idier, D. The Netherlands.: University of Twente. 17-23.
- Parsons, D.R., Best, J.L., Lane, S.N., Orfeo, O., Kostachuk, R., Hardy, R.J. & Franklin, M.C. (2004). The morphology and sediment dynamics of a large river confluence: the Rio Paraná and Rio Paraguay, NE Argentina. In River Flow 2004. Greco, M., Carravetta, A. & Della Morte, R. Balkema. 43-48.
- Parsons, D.R., Best, J.L., Lane, S.N., Hardy, R.J., Orfeo, O. & Kostachuk, R. (2004). The morphology, 3D flow structure and sediment dynamics of a large river confluence. In River Flow 2004. Greco, M., Carravetta, A. & Della Morte, R. 43-48.
- Hardy, R.J. & Lane, S.N. (2004). The numerical simulation of time dependent flow structures over water worked gravel. In River Flow 2004. Greco, M., Carravetta, A. & Della Morte, R. 235-244.
- Lane, S.N., Hardy, R.J., Keylock, C.J., Ferguson, R.I. & Parsons, D.R. (2003). Coherent flow structures in shallow gravel-bed rivers: an experiemental and numerical study. In Shallow flows. Uijttewaal, W.S.L. 259-266.
- Ferguson, R.I., Pardons, D.R., Lane, S.N. & Hardy, R.J. (2003). Flow structures in meander bends with recirculation. In International Association for Hydraulic Engineering and Research. Jirka, G. H. & Uijttewaal, W. S. J. Balkema.
- Lane, S.N. & Hardy, R.J. (2002). Porous rivers: a new way of conceptualising river a floodplain flows? In Transport Phenomena in Porous Media (II). Ingham, D.B. & Pop, I. Pergamon. 425-449.
Journal papers: academic
- Blois, G., Sambrook Smith, G.H., Best, J.L., Hardy, R.J. & Lead, J.R. (2012). Quantifying the dynamics of flow within a permeable bed using time-resolved endoscopic particle imaging velocimetry (EPIV). Experiments in Fluids 15(1): 51-76.
- Kleinhans, M.G., Ferguson, R.I., Lane, S.N. & Hardy, R.J. (2012). Splitting rivers at their seams: bifurcations and avulsion. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms n/a.
- Miori, S., Hardy, R.J. & Lane, S.N. (2012). Topographic forcing of flow partition and flow structures at river bifurcations. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 37(6): 666-679.
- Hardy, R.J., Best, J.L., Parsons, D.R. & Keevil, G.M. (2011). On determining the geometric and kinematic characteristics of coherent flow structures over a gravel bed: a new approach using combined PLIF-PIV. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 36(2): 279-284.
- Hardy, R.J., Best, J.L., Lane, S.N. & Carbonneau, P. (2010). Coherent flow structures in a depth-limited flow over a gravel surface: The influence of surface roughness. Journal of Geophysical Research 115(F3): F03006.
- Hardy, R.J., Best, J.L., Lane, S.N. & Carbonneau, P. (2009). Coherent flow structures in a depth-limited flow over a gravel surface: The role of near-bed turbulence and influence of Reynolds number. Journal of Geophysical Research 114: F01003.
- Hardy, R.J., Lane, S.N., Ferguson, R.I. & Parsons, D.R. (2007). Emergence of coherent flow structures over a gravel surface: A numerical experiment. Water Resources Research 43(3): W03422.
- Parsons, D.R., Best, J.L., Lane, S.N., Orfeo, O., Hardy, R.J. & Kostaschuk, R. (2007). Form roughness and the absence of secondary flow in large confluence-diffluence, Rio Paraná, Argentina. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 32: 155-162.
- Hardy, R.J. (2006). Fluvial Geomorphology: Progress Report. Progress in Physical Geography 30(4): 553-567.
- Hardy, R.J., Lane, S.N., Lawless, M.R., Best, J.L., Elliott, L. & Ingham, D.B. (2005). Development and testing of a numerical code for treatment of complex river channel topography in three-dimensional CFD models with structured grids. Journal of Hydraulic Research 43(5): 468-480.
- Hardy, R.J. (2005). Fluvial geomorphology progress report. Progress in Physical Geography 29(3): 411-425.
- Hardy, R.J. (2005). Modelling granular sediment transport over water-worked gravels. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 30(8): 1069-1076.
- Parsons, D.R., Best, J.L., Orefo, O., Hardy, R.J., Kostaschuck, R. & Lane, S.N. (2005). Morphology and flow fields of three-dimensional dunes, Rio Paraná, Argentina: Results from simultaneous multibeam echo sounding and acoustic Doppler current profiling. Journal of Geophysical Research - Earth Surface 110(4): F04S03.
- Keylock, C.J., Hardy, R.J., Parsons, D.R., Ferguson, R.I., Lane, S.N. & Richards, K. (2005). The theoretical foundations and potential for large-eddy simulation (LES) in fluvial geomorphic and sedimentological research. Earth-Science Reviews 71(4): 271-304.
- Lane, S.N., Hardy, R.J., Elliott, L. & Ingham, D.B. (2004). Numerical modeling of flow processes over gravelly surfaces using structured grids and a numerical porosity treatment. Water Resources Research 40(1): W01302.
- Hardy, R.J., Lane, S.N., Ferguson, R.I. & Parsons, D.R. (2003). Assessing the credibility of a series of computational fluid dynamic simulations of open channel flow. Hydrological Processes 17(8): 1539-1560.
- Ferguson, R.I., Parsons, D.R., Lane, S.N. & Hardy, R.J. (2003). Flow in meander bends with recirculation at the inner bank. Water Resources Research 39(11): 1322.
- Lane, S.N., Hardy, R.J., Elliot, L. & Ingham, D.B. (2003). High resolution numerical modelling of three dimensional flows over complex river bed topography. Hydrological Processes 16: 2261-2272.
- Hankin, B.G. Hardy, R.J., Beven, K.J. & Kettle, H. (2001). Using CFD in a GLUE framework to model the flow and dispersion characteristics of a natural fluvial dead zone. Earth Surface Process and Landforms 26: 667-687.
