Profile

Dr Charles Augarde, BSc MSc DPhil CEng MICE

Personal web page

Contact Dr Charles Augarde (email at charles.augarde@durham.ac.uk)

Biography

Charles Augarde is a Reader in Civil Engineering in the School of Engineering and Computing Sciences. After graduating in Engineering from Lancaster University he spent six years in industry, working for Manchester City Engineer's Dept on road, bridge and sewer design and construction, achieving Chartered Engineer (CEng) status in 1992. He then studied for an MSc in Structural Engineering at Heriot-Watt University (1993) and for a DPhil (=PhD) at Oxford University (1997), where he was also a College Lecturer at Keble College, later a Departmental Lecturer (in Engineering Science) (1997-2001) and a College Lecturer at St Anne's College. Charles joined Durham in 2001 as a Lecturer, was promoted to Senior Lecturer in 2007 and to Reader in 2011.

Research and Teaching

Charles's main research interest is numerical modelling of geotechnical and structural engineering problems using finite element, meshless and scaled boundary methods, examining ways to improve efficiency and accuracy. He works with mathematicians on iterative solvers for numerical modelling in a variety of engineering problems and uses the HPC facilities at Durham and nationally. Charles also carries out research in sustainable earthen construction materials, particularly the materials "rammed earth" and cob, and has collaborative links with archaeologists concerned with the conservation of heritage earth structures. Charles is on the Editorial Board for the international journal Computers and Geotechnics and is a past member of the Geotechnique Advisory Panel. For more information on these topics go to his personal webpage (the link should be just above this text).

In the School Charles teaches L2 Structures, L3 Structural Analysis, L3 CAD for Civil Engineers and L4 Civil Engineering Modelling. Charles also holds a 50% role outside the School as Deputy to the Head of the Science Faculty for postgraduate matters.

International Collaboration

• Dr Daniela Ciancio, University of Western Australia
• Professor Scott Sloan, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
• Professor Yongchang Cai, Dept Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
• Dr Xiaoying Zhuang, Dept Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

Indicators of Esteem

• Editorial Board member for Computers and Geotechnics (Elsevier):

Research Groups

• Mechanics Research Group

Research Interests

• Finite elements
• Geotechnical engineering
• Masonry arch bridges
• Mechanics of earthen construction
• Meshless methods
• Numerical analysis
• Rammed earth

Selected Publications

Books: authored

• Jaquin P.A. & Augarde, C.E. (2012). Earth building: History, science and conservation. BREPress.

Books: edited

• Toll, D.G, Augarde, C.E., Gallipoli, D. & Wheeler, S.J. (2008). Unsaturated Soils. Advances in Geo-Engineering, Proceedings of the 1st European Conference, E-UNSAT 2008. Taylor and Francis.

Books: sections

• Zhang, Y., Gallipoli, D. & Augarde, C.E. (2009). Parallel Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization and Applications in Geotechnical Engineering. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science: Advances in Computation and Intelligence. Cai, Z. Li, Z., Kang, Z. & Liu, Y. Heidelberg: Springer Berlin / Heidelberg. 5821/2009: 466-475.

Conference papers

• Coombs, W.M., Crouch, R.S. & Augarde, C.E. (2011), On the f fields of inadmissible stress space, in Oñate, E, Owen, DRJ, Peric, D & Suárez, B eds, Computational Plasticity XI: Fundamentals and Applications (COMPLAS XI). Barcelona, Spain, International Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering (CIMNE).
• Coombs, W.M., Crouch, R.S. & Augarde, C.E. (2011), Unique Critical State Hyperplasticity, in Laghrouche, O., EL Kacimi, A. Woodward, P. & Medero, G. eds, 19th UK National Conference of the Association for Computational Mechanics in Engineering (ACME). Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, 49-52.

Edited works: conference proceedings

• Heaney, C.E., Augarde, C.E., Deeks, A.J., Coombs, W.M. & Crouch, R.S. (2010). Advances in meshless methods with application to geotechnics. 7th European Conference on Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering, Trondheim, Norway, CRC Press/Balkema.
• Lourenço, S.D.N. Gallipoli, D. Toll, D.G., Augarde, C.E. & Evans, F.D. (2010). Advances in tensiometer-based suction control systems. 5th International Conference on Unsaturated Soils, Barcelona, Spain, CRC Press/Balkema.
• Beckett,C.T.S. & Augarde C.E. (2010). Development of microstructure in compacted earth building materials. 5th International Conference on Unsaturated Soils, Barcelona, Spain, CRC Press/Balkema.
• Zhang, Y., Feng, X., Gallipoli, D. & Augarde, C.E. (2010). Parameter Identification of BBM Model Using a Parallel Asynchronous Differential Evolution Algorithm. 5th International Conference on Unsaturated Soils, Barcelona, Spain, CRC Press/Balkema.
• Zhuang, X.Y. & Augarde, C.E. (2009). The effects of nodal arrangement on solution accuracy in meshless methods. 17th ACME Conference, Nottingham.
• Lourenço, S.D.N.,, Toll, D.G., Augarde, C.E., Gallipoli, D., Congreve, A., Smart, T. & Evans, F.D. (2008). Observations of unsaturated soils by Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy in dynamic mode. 1st European Conference on Unsaturated Soils, E-UNSAT 2008, Durham, UK, Taylor & Francis.
• Augarde, C.E. , Crouch, R.S. , Li, T. & Ramage, A. (2008). The Effects of Geotechnical Material Properties on the convergence of iterative Solvers. 12th IACMAG, Goa, India, International Association for Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics (IACMAG).
• Jaquin, P.A., Augarde, C.E. & Legrand, L. (2008). Unsaturated characteristics of rammed earth materials. 1st European Conference on Unsaturated Soils, E-UNSAT 2008, Durham, UK, Taylor & Francis.
• Jaquin, P.A., Augarde, C.E. & Gerrard, C.M. (2007). Historic rammed earth structures in Spain: construction techniques and a preliminary classification. International Symposium on Earthen Structures, Bangalore, Interline Publishing.
• Zhang, Y., Gallipoli, D. & Augarde, C. (2007). Parallel Computing of Unsaturated Soils Using Element-By-Element and Domain Decomposition Methods. Proceedings of the 3rd Asian Conference on Unsaturated Soils, Nanjing, China, Science Press.
• Mendes, J., Gallipoli, D. Augarde, C.E., Toll, D.G. & Medero, G. (2007). Suction measurements of a sandy-clay soil with the filter paper technique. 6th Brazilian Symposium of Unsaturated Soils, NSAT2007, Salvador, Brazil.
• Chidgzey, S.R. Deeks, A.J. & Augarde, C.E. (2006). A penalty method approach to boundary conditions for the scaled boundary method with a reduced set of basis functions. ACME 2006, Belfast, UK..
• Jaquin, P.A., Augarde, C.E. & Gerrard, C.M. (2006). Analysis of historic rammed earth construction. 5th International Conference on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions, Delhi, Macmillan India Ltd.
• Gallipoli, D., Toll, D.G. , Augarde, C.E. , Tarantino, A. De Gennaro, V. Vaunat, J. Wheeler, S. & Mancuso, C. (2006). The MUSE Network: sharing research expertise on unsaturated soils across Europe. UNSAT 2006, Carefree, AZ, USA, American Society of Civil Engineers.
• Lazarov, B. & Augarde, C.E. (2005). Object Oriented Design of Parallel and Sequential Finite Element Codes. 13th ACME Conference, Sheffield, UK.
• Augarde, C.E., Staudacher, J. & Ramage, A. (2005). On preconditioning strategies for geotechnics. 11th International Conference of IACMAG, Turin, Italy, Patron Editore.
• Augarde, C.E. & Deeks, A.J. (2004). A coupled meshfree/scaled boundary method. 1st International Conference on Comptational Methods, Singapore, Springer.
• Jaquin, P.A., Augarde, C.E. & Gerrard, C.M. (2004). Analysis of Tapial structures for modern use and conservation. Symposium on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions,, Padua, Italy, Taylor and Francis.
• Koungelis, D.K. & Augarde, C.E. (2004). Interaction between multiple tunnels in soft ground. 18th Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials, Perth, Australia, Taylor & Francis.
• Deeks, A.J. & Augarde, C.E. (2004). Stresses around a square tunnel using a meshless scaled boundary method. 12th ACME Conference, Cardiff.
• Ford, T.E., Augarde, C.E. & Tuxford, S. (2003). Modelling masonry arch bridges using commercial finite element software. 9th International Conference on Civil and Structural Engineering Computing, Egmond aan zee, Holland, Civil Comp Press.

Edited works: contributions

• Augarde, C.E. (2003). Numerical models in soft ground tunnelling. In Progress in Civil and Structural Engineering Computing. Topping, B.H.V. Stirling: Saxe-Coburg. 285-314.
• Augarde, C.E. (2001). Settlement induced damage to masonry structures. In Computational modelling of masonry, brickwork and blockwork structures. Bull, J.W. Stirling: Saxe-Coburg Publications.

Journal papers: academic

• Coombs, W.M., Crouch, R.S. & Augarde, C.E. (2013). A unique Critical State two-surface hyperplasticity model for fine-grained particulate media. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 61(1): 175-189.
• Ciancio, D. & Augarde, C.E. (2013). Capacity of unreinforced rammed earth walls subject to lateral wind force: elastic analysis vs. ultimate strength. Materials and Structures
• Beckett, C.T.S., Hall, M.R. & Augarde, C.E. (2013). Macrostructural changes in compacted earthen construction materials under loading. Acta Geotechnica
• Smith, J.C. & Augarde, C.E. (2013). Optimum water content tests for earthen construction materials. Proceedings of the ICE: Construction Materials
• Zhang, Y., Gallipoli, D. & Augarde, C.E. (2013). Parameter identification for elasto-plastic modelling of unsaturated soils from pressuremeter tests by parallel modified particle swarm optimization. Computers and Geotechnics 48: 293–303.
• Beckett, C.T.S. & Augarde, C.E. (2013). Prediction of soil water retention properties using pore size distribution and porosity. Canadian Geotechnical Journal 50(4): 435-450.
• Ullah, Z. & Augarde, C.E. (2012). Finite deformation elasto-plastic modelling using an adaptive meshless method. Computers & Structures 118: 39-52.
• Lourenco, S.D.N., Gallipoli, D., Augarde, C.E., Toll, D.G., Fisher, P.C. & Congreve, A. (2012). Formation and evolution of water menisci in unsaturated granular media. Geotechnique 62 (3): 193-199.
• Zhuang, X., Augarde, C.E. & Mathiesen, K. (2012). Fracture modelling using meshless methods and level sets in 3D: framework and modelling. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 92(11): 969-998.
• Zhuang, X., Heaney, C.E., & Augarde, C.E. (2012). On error control in the element-free Galerkin method. Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements 36(3): 351-360.
• Sheng, D. Augarde C.E. & Abbo, A. (2011). A fast algorithm for finding the first intersection with a non-convex yield surface. Computers and Geotechnics 38(4): 465-471
• Lourenço, S.D.N., Gallipoli, D., Toll, D.G., Augarde, C.E. & Evans, F. (2011). A new procedure for the determination of the Soil Water Retention Curves by continuous drying using high suction tensiometers. Canadian Geotechnical Journal 48(2): 327-335.
• Beckett, C.T.S. & Augarde, C.E. (2011). A novel image-capturing technique for the experimental study of soil deformations during compaction. Geotechnical Testing Journal 34(6): 571-578.
• Zhuang, X., Augarde, C.E. & Bordas, S.P.A. (2011). Accurate fracture modelling using meshless methods, the visibility criterion and level sets: Formulation and 2D modelling. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 86(2): 249-268.
• Tarantino, A., Gallipoli, D., Augarde, C.E., De Gennaro, V., Gomez, R., Laloui, L., Mancuso, C., McCloskey, G., Munoz, J., Pereira, J-M., Peron, H., Pisoni, G., Romero, E., Raveendiraraj, A., Rojas, J.C., Toll, D.G., Tombolato, S. & Wheeler, S. (2011). Benchmark of experimental techniques for measuring and controlling suction. Géotechnique 61(4): 303–312.
• Bordas, S.P.A., Natarajan, S., Kerfriden, P., Augarde, C.E. , Mahapatra, D.R., Rabczuk, T. & Dal Pont, S. (2011). On the performance of strain smoothing for quadratic and enriched finite element approximations (XFEM/GFEM/PUFEM). International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 86(4-5): 637-666.
• Toll, D.G., Lourenço, S.D.N. Mendes, J. Gallipoli, D. Evans, F.D., Augarde, C.E. , Cui, Y.J. Tang, A.M. Rojas Vidovic, J.C. Pagano, L. Mancuso, C. Zingariello, C. & Tarantino, A. (2011). Soil suction monitoring for landslides and slopes. Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology 44: 23-33.
• Beckett, Christopher & Augarde, Charles (2011). Structure creation in earthen construction materials: information from dry soil mixtures. Frontiers of Architecture and Civil Engineering in China 5(2): 151-159.
• Lourenço, S.D.N., Gallipoli, D., Augarde, C.E., , Toll, D.G., & Evans, F.D. (2011). Towards a Tensiometer Based Suction Control System for Laboratory Testing of Unsaturated Soils. Geotechnical Testing Journal 34(6): 755-764.
• Bird, G.E., Trevelyan, J. & Augarde, C.E. (2010). A coupled BEM/Scaled boundary FEM formulation for accurate computations in linear elastic fracture mechanics. Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements 34(6): 599-610.
• Cai, Yongchang., Zhuang, Xiaoying. & Augarde, Charles. (2010). A new partition of unity finite element free from the linear dependence problem and possessing the delta property. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 199(17-20): 1036-1043.
• Zhuang, X. & Augarde, C.E. (2010). Aspects of the use of orthogonal basis functions in the element-free Galerkin method. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 81(3): 366-380.
• Heaney, C.E., Augarde, C.E. & Deeks, A.J. (2010). Modelling elasto-plasticity using the hybrid MLPG method. Computer Modeling in Engineering and Sciences 56(2): 153-178.
• Coombs, W.M., Crouch, R.S. & Augarde, C.E. (2010). Reuleaux plasticity: analytical backward Euler stress integration and consistent tangent. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 199(25-28): 1733-1743.
• Zhang, Y., Gallipoli, D. & Augarde, C.E. (2009). Simulation-based calibration of geotechnical parameters using parallel hybrid moving boundary particle swarm optimization. Computers and Geotechnics 36(4): 604-615.
• Jaquin, P.A., Augarde, C.E., Gallipoli, D. & Toll, D.G. (2009). The strength of unstabilised rammed earth materials. Géotechnique 59(5): 487-490
• Jaquin, P.A., Augarde, C.E. & Gerrard, C.M. (2008). A chronological description of the spatial development of rammed earth techniques. International Journal of Architectural Heritage Conservation, Analysis, and Restoration 2(4): 377-400.
• Lourenço, S.D.N., Gallipoli, D., Toll, D.G., Augarde, C.E., Evans, F.D. & Medero, G.M. (2008). Calibrations of a high suction tensiometer. Géotechnique 58(8): 659-668.
• Shiau, J., Augarde, C.E., Lyamin, A.V. & Sloan, S.W. (2008). Finite element limit analysis of passive earth resistance in cohesionless soils. Soils and Foundations 48(6): 843-850.
• Augarde, C.E. & Deeks, A.J. (2008). The use of Timoshenko's exact solution for a cantilever beam in adaptive analysis. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design 44(9-10): 595-601.
• Deeks, A.J. & Augarde, C.E. (2007). A hybrid meshless local Petrov Galerkin method for unbounded domains. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 196(4-6): 843-852.
• Augarde, C.E., Ramage, A. & Staudacher, J. (2007). Element-based preconditioners for elasto-plastic problems in geotechnical engineering. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 71(7): 757-779.
• Augarde, C.E. , Ramage, A. & Staudacher, J. (2006). An element-based displacement preconditioner for linear elasticity problems. Computers and Structures 84(31-32): 2306–2315.
• Deeks, A. J. & Augarde, C. E. (2005). A meshless local Petrov-Galerkin scaled boundary method. Computational mechanics 36(3): 159-170.
• Wisser, C, Augarde, CE & Burd, HJ (2005). Numerical modelling of compensation grouting above shallow tunnels. International Journal For Numerical And Analytical Methods InGeomechanics 29(5): 29.
• Augarde, C. E. & Deeks, A. J. (2005). On the effects of nodal distributions for imposition of essential boundary conditions in the MLPG meshfree method. Communications in numerical methods in engineering 21(7): 389-395.
• Augarde, CE, Burd, HJ & Houlsby, GT (2005). The influence of building weight on tunnelling-induced ground andbuilding deformation. Soils And Foundations 45(4): 2.
• Augarde, C. E. (2004). Generation of shape functions for rectangular plate elements. Communications in numerical methods in engineering 20(8): 655-663.
• Augarde, C. E., Lyamin, A. V & Sloan, S. W. (2003). Prediction of undrained sinkhole collapse. Journal of geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering 129(3): 197-205.
• Augarde, CE, Lyamin, AV & Sloan, SW (2003). Stability of an undrained plane strain heading revisited. Computers And Geotechnics 30(5): 12.
• Davey, J.D. & Augarde, C.E. (2001). Models of skewed masonry arches. The Structural Engineer 79(7): 14 - 15.
• Augarde, CE & Burd, HJ (2001). Three-dimensional finite element analysis of lined tunnels. International Journal For Numerical And Analytical Methods InGeomechanics 25(3): 20.
• Liu, G., Houlsby, G.T. & Augarde, C.E. (2001). Two-dimensional analysis of settlement damage to masonry buildings due to tunnelling. The Structural Engineer 79(1): 19 - 25.
• Houlsby, G. T., Liu, G. & Augarde, C.E. (2000). A tying scheme for imposing displacement constraints in finite element analysis. Communications in numerical methods in engineering 16(10): 721-732.
• Burd, HJ, Houlsby, GT, Augarde, CE & Liu, G (2000). Modelling tunnelling-induced settlement of masonry buildings. Proceedings Of The Institution Of Civil Engineers-geotechnicalEngineering 143(1): 13.

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Media Contacts

Available for media contact about:

• Science: Education, industry & the community: computer modelling
• Engineering: Other contexts: civil engineering, tunnels, bridges
• Geological hazards: geotechnical engineering, ground conditions, tunnelling
• Engineering: Earth building (using earth materials to create walls, rammed earth, conservation of old earth buildings)
• Mechanics: Earth building (using earth materials to create walls, rammed earth, conservation of old earth buildings)
• Environment: Earth building (using earth materials to create walls, rammed earth, conservation of old earth buildings)
• Landscape & buildings: Earth building (using earth materials to create walls, rammed earth, conservation of old earth buildings)
• European & other international expertise: Earth building (using earth materials to create walls, rammed earth, conservation of old earth buildings)
• Europe: History & Archaeology: Earth building (using earth materials to create walls, rammed earth, conservation of old earth buildings)
• History & Archaeology: Earth building (using earth materials to create walls, rammed earth, conservation of old earth buildings)
• Medieval history: Earth building (using earth materials to create walls, rammed earth, conservation of old earth buildings)

Supervises

• Ms Lisha He
• Miss Rachel Ashworth
• Mr Jack Barnard
• Mr Jonathan Chase Smith
• Mr Ibrahim Alatawi
• Mr Andrew Corbin