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School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences

Staff Profiles

Prof Stefan Przyborski, BSc (Hons); PhD; PGCert Higher Education

Telephone: +44 (0) 191 33 43988
Visiting Professor in the Department of Chemistry

Contact Prof Stefan Przyborski (email at stefan.przyborski@durham.ac.uk)

Statement of Research

BRIEF STATEMENT ON RESEARCH

GROWTH, DIFFERENTIATION AND FUNCTION OF MAMMALIAN CELLS IN VITRO
Much attention is being devoted to the potential uses of stem cells in human biology and medicine.  Many of these wide-ranging applications for stem cell technology are based on the assumption that it will be possible to direct the differentiation of cultured stem cells and produce specific cell and tissue types on demand.
However, our understanding of being able to control and exploit the full developmental potential of stem cells is currently limited.  For example, it is proving difficult to duplicate the extent of cell differentiation demonstrated by human embryonic stem cells following transplantation.
The ability to achieve this level of cellular development and engineer tissues of specific types is partly due to our limited capability to control the molecular mechanisms that regulate cell development and provide the appropriate environment cues that support such differentiation and function.  For example, the environment in which cells grow and differentiate in the culture dish is far removed from the complex three dimensional surroundings and interactions with adjacent tissues, which cells experience during growth in the body.
Our research programme is focused on the investigation of cell differentiation and the development of innovative ways to control the development of tissues from stem cells.  In brief, we have three principle lines of investigation:
• Study of the molecular mechanisms that control cell differentiation;
• Development of new strategies to direct the differentiation of cells and tissues;
• Design of more favourable growth conditions for cells in vitro.
More specifically, the following bullet points briefly summarise ongoing work:
• Developing an understanding of the developmental potential of mesenchymal stem cells, in particular, their ability to influence neurogenesis.   Investigation their paracrine role on endogenous cells and their ability to produce trophic factors that influence neural differentiation.
• Investigation of the developmental potential of stem cells following transplantation.  Role of extracellular matrix protein signals, cytokines and surrounding cell types on engrafted stem cells.
• Design and creation of novel technology to enable routine three dimensional culture and demonstration that such technology enhances cell function.  Our technology has given rise to novel equipment that enables tissue engineering on a routine basis utilizing existing cell culture consumable products.
• Design and synthesis of bioactive molecules and novel growth supplements that affect stem cell differentiation and support the culture of specialized cell and tissue types.  The design, synthesis and testing of novel compounds specifically targeted at signaling pathways involved in cell differentiation.  Reagents are developed with applications to stem cell biology and tissue engineering.  We have demonstrated function both in vitro and in vivo during embryogenesis.
• Application of proteomic technology to follow cell differentiation and identify novel biomarkers.
Some of my research is dependent on close collaborations with other research scientists.  The interaction with physical scientists through the Centre for Bioactive Chemistry in Durham and members of NESCI in Newcastle has proven particularly successful.  Aspects of my research programme have commercial potential and feed into the Durham University spin-out company, Reinnervate Limited (see below).
 
Strategic Fit and Other External Income Generation

REINNERVATE LIMITED  (www.reinnervate.com)

About Reinnervate
Reinnervate is developing new and innovative ways to manage the growth and function of cultured cells.  Its technologies have multiple applications and will be particularly relevant to the control of stem cell differentiation.
Reinnervate is a spin-out biotechnology company emanating from research conducted at Durham University.  The Company was established in July 2002 to commerialise technology developed by its founding scientist, Dr Przyborski, working on stem cell biology and developmental neuroscience.
Reinnervate specialises in the development of enabling technologies to facilitate research into cell growth and function in vitro with immediate applications to research and development in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical sectors.  Aspects of the Company’s research are also suitable for development into diagnostic tools and have potential therapeutic applications.
The Company has three primary areas of interest:
1. Development of more favourable growth conditions for cells in vitro;
2. Design and synthesis of molecules that control cell differentiation;
3. Development of new strategies in neural stem cell research.
Currently, Reinnervate either directly or indirectly employs around 10 staff, including 6 PhD’s with many years combined experience in cell biology and physical science.  The Company operates from state-of-the-art laboratories within the University and has access to modern research facilities.
The Company has raised >£1.6M from various sources to support its initial research and development programmes and has recently secured £0.97M of inward investment to bring its technologies to market.
The Company has recently started to market its first range of products.  Initial sales have been completed with both academic and industrial buyers in the UK, US and Europe for our 3D cell culture apparatus and small molecules.

Business strategy
The Company has a broad commercial development strategy that exploits our competitive advantages and reflects our research and development programmes. 
The strategy is designed to spread the risk within the company and provide options during the company’s development:
• The development of its patented technology for three-dimensional cell growth is ready to go into production and to market, and this is considered low risk;
• Its programme to design and synthesise synthetic compounds to control cell differentiation is well advanced.  The characterisation of several new candidate molecules is nearing completion, and this is also low risk;
• Its technology for the development of novel neural growth supplement formulations is at an earlier stage and is therefore of higher risk but is potentially of significant commercial value.
Each of these technologies has a defined market.  As the field of cell biology continues to progress, the demand for enabling technologies, such as those under development by Reinnervate, will significantly increase and further enhance their commercial value.
Where appropriate, the Company will adopt a risk-sharing approach by out-licensing its technology to commercial development partners.  Depending on the stage of development for a particular technology, a commercial development partner would either: license the technology directly for immediate commercial exploitation and marketing; or fund the final stages of technology development in preparation for its market offering and eventual sale.  In exchange, Reinnervate would envisage negotiating up-front and milestone payments through to entry of the product onto the market, and royalties on future sales.
Early revenue streams resulting either from the direct sale of Reinnervate’s products or through licensing of its technology will be re-invested into the Company’s research and development programmes.

Reinnervate is uniquely positioned to achieve its business strategy and the following attributes provide the foundations for its success:
• A strong portfolio of innovative enabling technologies
• Experienced management and technical teams, focused on realising the commercial potential of the Company’s technologies
• A multi-disciplinary combination of internationally recognised biological and physical science
• Appropriate patent coverage
• An established development plan and product development portfolio.

Summary - Reinnervate Activity:
• Raised initial investment of £38k for market research and business consultation (early 2002)
• Registration and establishment of Reinnervate Limited (company number 04468747) (June 2002)
• Company launch at The Science and Industry Council meeting, July 2002 (see below).
• Filing of two patent applications in the UK and USA (see Patents and ROI above) (August 2002)
• Semi-finalist.  Cambridge Enterprise Conference Competition ‘Launch Pad’ (August 2002)
• Secured DTI Smart Award for Feasibility Study (£63,000) (2003)
• Secured investment deal via CELS (£0.45M) (2006)
• Filing of three patent applications (2006-7)
• Secured BBSRC-CASE studentship (£79,200) (2007)
• Secured DTI research Award (£143,446) (2007)
• Appointment of CEO and CFO (2007)
• Finalist of Life Business Awards (2007)
• Secured equity investment of £0.97M with NStar and others (2008)
• Secured EPSRC-CASE studentship (£85,000) (2008)
• Winner of Business Start-up Award (2008)
• Secured MRC-CASE studentships (x2) (£160,000) (2009)
• Secured BBSRC-CASE studentships (x1) (£80,000) (2009)
• Secured equity investment of £0.74M with NStar and others (2009)
• Secured equity investment of £1.8M with NStar and others (2010)
• Secured Chemistry Innovation / EPSRC-CASE studentship (£85,000) (2010)
• Secured equity investment of £1.4M with NStar and others (2011)
• Secured BBSRC-CASE studentships (x2) (£90,000) (2011)
• Presentation at conference proceedings (2002-, see section on Publications)
• Scientific publications (2002-, see section on Publications)

Indicators of Esteem

  • 2011: Directorships:

    • Director (2007-). Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland (Registered 01848115)
    Council member and Director for Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
    • Director (2006-8). Company of Anatomists (Registered 01838518)
    Director for ASGBI whilst holding the position of Vice President.
    • Director (2005-). British Neuroscience Association Limited (Registered 04307833)
    Corporate body that administers the British Neuroscience Association.
    • Director (2002-). Reinnervate Limited (Registered 04468747)
    Founding member of a spin-out biotechnology company from Durham University.

  • 2011: Holding Office and Responsibilities for a Learned Society or Professional Body:

    • Officer and Member of Council (2011-14). Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
    Advisory role contributing to the operation of Anatomical Society.
    • Member of Council (2008-11). Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
    Advisory role contributing to the operation of Anatomical Society.
    • Executive Board Member (2007-). NorthEast England Stem Cell Institute (NESCI)
    Promotion and development of stem cell research in Northeast England, UK and overseas.
    • Vice President (2006-7). Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
    Coordination of Society Summer Meeting July 2007, Durham University.
    • Treasurer (2005-9). British Neuroscience Association, Executive member
    Responsible for the financial operations of the British Neuroscience Association.
    • Committee Member (2004-). BioNEt Northeast England
    Promotion of research in biological science, meeting organization, etc.
    • Executive Board Member (2003-5). British Neuroscience Association, National Committee
    Promotion of neuroscience research, meeting organization, society administration
    • Treasurer (2001-5). British Neuroscience Association, Durham Region
    Raising funds for Brain Awareness Week, seminars and promotion of neuroscience in Durham.

  • 2011: Invited Lectures and Seminars:

    International:
    • speaker, American Society for Cell Biology, Denver, Dec, 2011
    • speaker, MipTec Conference, Basel, Sept, 2011
    • speaker, Quasi-Vivo Symposium, Saarbruken, Germany, May, 2011
    • speaker, IVTIP, Monte Carlo, Monaco, Apr, 2011
    • speaker, Society for Biomolecular Science, Orlando, USA, Mar, 2011
    • speaker, In vitro Testing symposium, Montpellier, France, May, 2010
    • speaker, LRI Workshop Toxicity Testing, Stresa, Italy, Jun, 2010
    • speaker, AAA Experimental Biology, New Orleans, Apr, 2009
    • speaker, Scripps Institute, San Diego, Apr 2009
    • speaker, University of California Davis, San Francisco, Apr 2009
    • speaker, University of California Technology Transfer Forum, San Francisco, Apr 2009
    • speaker, British Council Stem Cell Meeting, Berlin, Mar, 2009
    • speaker, Seminar, Canadian Stem Cell Network, University of Toronto, Jan 2009
    • speaker, European Summit, Stem Cells, Amsterdam, Sep, 2008
    • Speaker, Gordon Research Conference, Bates College, Maine USA, July, 2008
    • speaker, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Boston USA, Apr, 2008
    • speaker, European Business Summit, Stem Cells, Edinburgh, Oct, 2007
    • speaker, Bristol Myers Squibb, CN, USA, Aug, 2007
    • speaker, DTI Mission, Australia, Dec 2006
    • speaker, Regenerative Medicine, Keil University, Germany, Aug, 2006
    • speaker, Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine, European Congress, London, Jun 2006
    • speaker, Polish Neuroscience National Meeting, Krakow, Poland, Sept 2005
    • speaker, Regenerative Medicine, University of Rostock, Germany, Jun, 2005
    • speaker, International Meeting on Germ Cell Tumours, Cambridge, UK, Apr 2005
    • speaker, Drug Discovery European Congress, London, UK, Mar 2005
    • speaker, Sloan Kettering, New York, USA, Apr 2003
    • speaker, DTI Mission, Boston, USA, Mar 2003
    • speaker, DTI Mission, Toronto, Canada, Mar 2003
    • speaker, DTI Mission, Minneapolis, USA, Mar 2003
    • Presidential Medal Award Lecture, University of Canterbury, Apr 2001*
    • speaker, Neurogenesis Symposium, Princeton, USA, Sept 1999

    National:
    • speaker, Seminar, University of Sheffield, November, 2011
    • speaker, Cell-based Assays Conference, London, November, 2011
    • speaker, Seminar, Glaxo, July, 2011
    • speaker, Seminar, Regener8 Biomaterials Meeting, July, 2011
    • speaker, Seminar, University of Sheffield, March, 2011
    • speaker, Seminar, Astra Zeneca, March, 2011
    • speaker, Cell-based Assays Conference, London, November, 2010
    • speaker, Regener8 Annual Conference, Liverpool, September 2010
    • speaker, Academy Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nottingham, September 2010
    • speaker, Euroscicon Conference, Cell Culture Technology, London, May 2010
    • speaker, Seminar, Aston University, March, 2010.
    • speaker, Biotechnology Young Entrepreneurs Scheme, October, 2009
    • speaker, NESCI International Stem Cell Conference, September, 2009
    • speaker, BBSRC Fellows Conference, September, 2009
    • speaker, Seminar, University of Brighton, May 2009
    • speaker, British Neuroscience Association, Liverpool, Apr 2009
    • speaker, Keynote Address, BBSRC Tissue Engineering meeting, London Apr 2009
    • speaker, Mesenchymal Stem Cell National Meeting, Sheffield, Jan 2009
    • speaker, Seminar, University of Southampton, May 2008
    • speaker, Euroscicon Conference, Cell Culture Technology, London, May 2008
    • speaker, UKNSCN Inaugural Meeting, Edinburgh, Apr 2008
    • speaker, Seminar, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Mar 2008
    • speaker, Seminar, University of Cardiff, Nov 2007
    • speaker, Seminar, Royal College of Anaesthetists, London, Nov 2006
    • speaker, Biogerontology Research Symposium, Newcastle, Jun 2005
    • speaker, Euroscicon Conference, Stem Cell Biology, UCL May 2005
    • speaker, BioNet: Stem Cells in Drug Discovery, Apr 2005
    • speaker, BioNet: Bioactive Chemistry, Apr 2005
    • speaker, British Neuroscience Association, Brighton Apr 2005
    • speaker, LTSN Bioscience Conference, Feb 2005
    • speaker, BioNet: Progress in Stem Cell Biology, Feb 2005
    • speaker, Seminar, University of Newcastle, Feb 2005
    • speaker, Northeast Conference of Neuroscience, Dec 2004
    • speaker, Euroscicon Conference, Stem Cell Biology, Westminster University May 2004
    • speaker, Society for Experimental Biology, Apr 2004
    • speaker, Seminar, University of Newcastle, Dec 2003
    • speaker, BioNet: Genomic Technologies, May 2003
    • speaker, Seminar, University of Newcastle, May 2003
    • speaker, Seminar, University of Newcastle, Jan 2003
    • speaker, Northeast Conference of Neuroscience, Dec 2002
    • speaker, Seminar, University of Sunderland, Oct 2002
    • speaker, Seminar, University of Newcastle, Sept 2002
    • speaker, ReNeuron, Guildford, UK, Oct 2001
    • speaker, Seminar, University of East Anglia, Jun 1999
    • speaker, Knoll Pharmaceuticals, Nottingham, Aug 1999
    • speaker, Seminar, University of Sheffield, Feb 1998
    • speaker, Seminar, University of Nottingham, Jun 1998
    • speaker, Seminar, University of Cardiff, Feb 1997
    • speaker, Seminar, University of Nottingham, Jun 1995
    • speaker, Proceedings of the Autoradiography Association UK, Spring Meeting 1994

  • 2011: Learned Society Membership:

    • American Society for Cell Biology
    • Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
    • British Neuroscience Association
    • American Society for Neuroscience
    • British Society for Developmental Biology
    • UK Tissue and Cell Engineering Society
    • International Society for Stem Cell Research
    • UK National Stem Cell Network
    • Mesenchymal Stem Cell Interest Group

  • 2011: Panel Membership for Funding and Research Councils:

    • HEFC – Research Excellent Framework (REF), Sub-panel 5 member (2010-)
    • BBSRC University Impact Judging panel (2010-11)
    • BBSRC: Member of Expert Pool (2010-2012)
    • MRC: Translational Stem Cell Research Committee (2008-2010)
    • MRC: Stem Cell Fellowship review panel (2007)
    • MRC: Capacity Building Studentship review panel (2004-8)
    • MRC: Stem Cell and Engineering Initiative grant review panel (2003)
    • MRC: UK Stem Cell Bank Liaison Committee (2003-)

  • 2011: Promotion of Research in the Public Sector:

    • Reinnervate Limited, a spin-off biotechnology company founded by Professor Przyborski was launched at the Region’s Strategy for Success in Science and Industry (2002). The event was led by Prime Minister Tony Blair and involved discussion with the Minister for Science and Innovation, Lord Sainsbury. Press releases covered the launch promoting Reinnervate and Durham University. Subsequently, there have been many press releases (>10) reporting the development of the Company and its research emanating from Durham University.
    • Invited to HM Treasury to take part in the BBSRC event ‘Bioscience to Biomillions’ to acknowledge how the investment of research council funding can be applied to translation of bench research into commercial opportunities and products for benefit of UK biotech business and the economy.
    • Research presentation at The Houses of Parliament (2002, 2005, 2006, 2011). Promotion of my research to the House prompted interactions with MPs, including Dr Ian Gibson MP (Chairman Select Committee on Science and Technology) and Dr Brian Iddon MP. Dr Gibson MP recently visited The University and was keen to view our research facilities. We continue to liaise on research issues.
    • As Treasurer and Member of the Executive Committee for the British Neuroscience Association (Durham and National Committee Member and Treasurer), I am involved in promotion of neuroscience research during ‘Brain Awareness Week’, national and international meetings promoting neuroscience and neural stem cell biology, etc.
    • Radio Five interview at Scientific Conferences ‘Uses of Stem Cells in Research’ 2001, 2005.
    • New Scientist interviews on the use of embryonic and adult stem cells, 2001, 2007

Research Interests

  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Stem cell biology
  • Tissue engineering

Selected Publications

Books: authored

  • Przyborski, S.A. (2010). Alvetex: technology for routine three dimensional cell culture. Humana Press.
  • Przyborski, S.A. (2007). Derivation and culture of human embryonal carcinoma stem cell lines. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Andrews, P.W., Przyborski, S.A. & Thomson, J.A (2001). Embryonal Carcinoma Cells as Embryonic Stem Cells. Cold Spring Harbor Press.

Books: sections

  • Hardy, S., Maltman, D. & Przyborski, S.A. (2010). Mesenchymal stem cells and their therapeutic applications. In Stem Cells: Basics and Applications. S. Totey & K. Deb McGraw Hill Publishing.
  • Christie, V.B., Maltman, D., Whiting, A., Marder, T.M. & Przyborski, S.A. (2010). The development of small molecules and growth supplements to control the differentiation of stem cells and the formation of neural tissues. In Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine. K. Appasani Springer Publishing.

Journal papers: academic

  • Cooke, MJ, Zahir, T, Phillips, SR, Shah, DS, Athey, D, Lakey, JH, Shoichet, MS & Przyborski, SA (Published). Neural differentiation regulated by biomimetic surfaces presenting motifs of extracellular matrix proteins. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 93A: 824-832.
  • Burkard, A, Dahn, C, Heinz, S, Zutavern, A, Sonntag-Buck, V, Maltman, D, Przyborski, S, Hewitt, N.J & Braspenning, J. (2012). Generation of proliferating human hepatocytes using upcyte technology: characterisation and applications in induction and cytotoxicity assays. Xenobiotica 42: 939-956.
  • Maltman, D.J, Brand, S, Belau, E, Paape, R, Suckau, D & Przyborski, S.A (2012). Top-Down Label-Free LC-MALDI analysis of the peptidome during neural progenitor cell differentiation reveals complexity in cytoskeletal protein dynamics and identifies progenitor cell markers. Stem Cells (30): 599-611.
  • Knight E, Murray B, Carnachan R & Przyborski S. (2011). Alvetex® polystyrene scaffold technology for routine three dimensional cell culture. Methods in Molecular Biology 695: 323-340.
  • Maltman, DJ, Brand, S, Belau, E, Paape, R, Suckau, D & Przyborski, SA (2011). Top-down label-free LC-MALDI analysis of the peptidome during neural progenitor cell differentiation reveals complexity in cytoskeletal protein dynamics and identifies progenitor cell markers. Proteomics 11(20): 3992-4006.
  • Maltman, D.J. & Przyborski, S.A (2010). Developments in three dimensional cell culture technology aimed at improving the accuracy of in vitro analyses. Biochemical Society Transactions 38(4): 1072-1075.
  • Armstrong, L., Tilgner, K., Saretzki, G., Atkinson, S.P., Stojkovic, M., Moreno, R., Przyborski, S. & Lako, M. (2010). Human induced pluripotent stem cell line shows similar stress defense mechanisms and mitochondrial regulation to human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cells 28: 661-673.
  • Foster, C.R., Przyborski, S.A., Wilson, R.G. & Hutchison, C.J. (2010). Lamins as cancer biomarkers. Biochemical Society Transactions 38(1): 297-300.
  • Cooke, MJ, Zahir, T, Phillips, SR, Shah, DSH, Athey, D, Lakey, JH, Shoichet, MS & Przyborski, SA (2010). Neural differentiation regulated by biomimetic surfaces presenting motifs of extracellular matrix proteins. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 93A(3): 824-832.
  • Christie VB, Maltman DJ, Henderson AP, Whiting A, Marder TB, Lako M & Przyborski SA. (2010). Retinoid supplementation of differentiating human neural progenitors and embryonic stem cells leads to enhanced neurogenesis in vitro. Journal of Neuroscience Methods 193(2): 239-245.
  • Fox BC, Devonshire AS, Schutte ME, Foy CA, Minguez J, Przyborski S, Maltman D, Bokhari M & Marshall D. (2010). Validation of reference gene stability for APAP hepatotoxicity studies in different in vitro systems and identification of novel potential toxicity biomarkers. Toxicology in Vitro 24(7): 1962-1970.
  • Ahmad, S., Kolli, S., Li, D, Paiva, C., Przyborski, S., Dimmick, I., Armstrong, L., Figueiredo, F. & Lako, M (2009). A putative role for RHAMM/HMMR as a negative marker of stem cell-containing population of human limbal epithelial cells. Stem Cells 26: 1609-1619.
  • De Sousa, P.A., Gardner, J., Sneddon, S., Pells, S., Tye, B., Dand, P., Collins, D.M., Stewart, K., Przyborski, S., Cooke, M., McLauglin, K.J., Kimber, S.J., Lieberman, B., Wilmut, I. & Brison, D.R. (2009). Clinically failed eggs as a source of normal human embryo stem cells. Stem Cell Research 2: 188-197.
  • Croft, A.P. & Przyborski, S.A (2009). Mesenchymal stem cells expressing neural antigens instruct a neurogenic cell fate on neural stem cells. Experimental Neurology 216(2): 329-341.
  • Zhang, X., Neganova, I., Przyborski, S., Yang, C., Cooke, M., Atkinson, S.P., Anyfantis, G., Fenyk, S., Nicol Keith, W., Hoare, S.F., Hughes, O., Strachan, T., Stojkovic, M., Armstrong, L. & Lako, M (2009). NANOG regulates S pahse entry and progression in human embryonic stem cells through activation of CDK6 and CD25A. Journal of Cell Biology 184: 67-82.
  • Barnard, J.H., Collings, J.C., Whiting, A., Przyborski, S.A. & Marder, T.B (2009). Synthetic retinoids: structure-activity relationships. Chemical European Journal 15: 11430-11452.
  • Yang, C., Przyborski, S., Cooke, M.J., Zhang, X., Stewart, R., Atkinson, S., Saretzki, G., Armstrong, L. & Lako, M (2008). A key role for telomerase reverse transcriptase unit (TERT) in modulating human ESC proliferation, cell cycle dynamics and in vitro differentiation. Stem Cells 26(4): 850-863.
  • Willis, N.D., Przyborski, S.A., Hutchison, C.J. & Wilson, R.G. (2008). Colonic cancer stem cells: progress in searching for putative biomarkers. Journal of Anatomy 213: 59-65.
  • Carnachan, R.J., Bokhari, M., Maatta, A., Cameron, N.R. & Przyborski, S.A. (2008). Emulsion-templated porous scaffolds enabling three dimensional cell culture. Polymer Preprints (American Chemical Society, Division of Polymer Chemistry) 418-419.
  • Cooke, MJ, Phillips, SR, Shah, DSH, Athey, D, Lakey, JH & Przyborski, SA (2008). Enhanced cell attachment using a novel cell culture surface presenting functional domains from extracellular matrix proteins. Cytotechnology 56(2): 71-79.
  • Willis, ND, Rahman-Casans, SF, Cox, TR, Smits, KM, Przyborski, SA, van den Brandt, PA, van Engeland, M, Weijenberg, MP, Wilson, RG, de Bruine, A & Hutchison, CJ (2008). Lamin A/C: a putative adult colonic stem cell and colorectal cancer marker. Journal Of Anatomy 212(1): 77-78.
  • Hardy, S.A., Maltman, D.J. & Przyborski, S.A (2008). Mesenchymal stem cells as mediators of neural differentiation. Current Stem Cell Research 3: 43-52.
  • Mellough, CB, Wood, A & Przyborski, SA (2008). Neuritogenesis in adult hippocampal neurons grown in growth-permissive versus inhibitory environments in vitro. Journal Of Anatomy 212(1): 87-87.
  • Cooke, MJ, Phillips, S, Shah, DS, Athey, D, Lakey, JH & Przyborski, SA (2008). Presentation of extracellular matrix motifs by biomimetic substrates to control cellular attachment and differentiation. Journal Of Anatomy 212(1): 89-89.
  • Christie, VB, Collings, J, Whiting, A, Marder, TB & Przyborski, SA (2008). Synthetic retinoid analogues induce model cell culture systems to differentiate down a neural lineage. Journal Of Anatomy 212(1): 86-86.
  • Christie, VB, Marder, TB, Whiting, A & Przyborski, SA (2008). The role of retinoids in the adult nervous system and their therapeutic potential. Mini-reviews In Medicinal Chemistry 8(6): 601-608.
  • Carnachan, R., Bokhari, M., Cameron, N., Maatta, A. & Przyborski, S.A (2008). Three Dimensional Cell Culture. Trends and Techniques in Life Science Research 12(4): 30-32.
  • Bokhari, M., Carnachan, R., Cameron, N., Maatta, A. & Przyborski, S.A. (2008). Three dimensional cell culture: developing technology to enhance cell behaviour in vitro. Screening: Trends in Drug Discovery 9(1): 30-32.
  • Maltman, D.J. & Przyborski, S.A. (2007). Application of proteomic technology to neural stem cell science and neurology. Future Neurology 2: 285-296.
  • Maltman, D.J. & Przyborski, S.A (2007). Can large-scale analysis of the proteome identify effective new markers for embryonic stem cells? Regenerative Medicine 2: 465-469.
  • Bokhari, M., Carnachan, R., Cameron, N.R. & Przyborski, S.A (2007). Culture of HepG2 liver cells on three dimensional polystyrene scaffolds enhances cell structure and function during toxicological challenge. Journal of Anatomy 211: 567-576.
  • Bokhari, M., Carnachan, R., Przyborski, S.A. & Cameron, N.R (2007). Effect of synthesis parameters on emulsion-templated porous polymer formation and evaluation for 3D cell culture scaffolds. Journal of Materials Chemistry 17: 4088-4094.
  • Casans, SFR, Willis, ND, Cox, TR, Smits, KM, Przyborski, SA, van den Brandt, PA, van Engeland, M, Weijenberg, M, de Bruine, A, Hutchison, CJ & Wilson, RG (2007). Expression of colonic stem cell markers in colorectal cancer correlates with a poor prognosis. Gut 56: 071.
  • Gertow, K., Przyborski, S.A., Loring, J.F., Auerbach, J.M., Epifano, O., Otonkoski, T., Damjanov, I. & Ahrlund-Richter, L (2007). Isolation of human embryonic stem cell-derived teratomas for the assessment of pluripotency. Current Protocols in Stem Cell Biology Chapt 1B.4: 1-24.
  • Bokhari, M., Carnachan, R., Cameron, N.R. & Przyborski, S.A (2007). Novel cell culture device enabling three-dimensional cell growth and improved cell function. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 354: 1095-1100.
  • Ziabreva, I., Perry, E., Perry, R., Minger, S.L., Ekonomou, A., Przyborski, S. & Ballard, C. (2006). Altered neurogenesis in Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 61: 311-316.
  • Hayman, MW, Christie, VB, Keating, TS & Przyborski, SA (2006). Following the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells by proteomic identification of biomarkers. Stem Cells And Development 15(2): 221-231.
  • Croft, A.P. & Przyborski, S.A. (2006). Formation of neurons by non-neural adult stem cells: potential mechanism implicates an artifact of growth in culture. Stem Cells 24(8): 1841-1851.
  • Cooke, MJ, Stojkovic, M & Przyborski, SA (2006). Growth of teratomas derived from human pluripotent stem cells is influenced by the graft site. Stem Cells And Development 15(2): 254-259.
  • Stojkovic, P., Lako, M., Stewart, R., Przyborski, S.A., Armstrong L., Evans, J., Murdoch A., Strachan T. & Stojkovic, M. (2005). An autogenic feeder cell system that efficiently supports growth of undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cells 23: 306-314.
  • Przyborski S.A. (2005). Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells following transplantation into immune deficient mice. Stem Cells 23: 1242-1250.
  • Hyslop, L., Stojkovic, M., Armstrong, L., Walter, T., Stojkovic, P., Przyborski, S.A., Herbert, M., Murdoch, A., Strachan, T. & Lako, M. (2005). Downregulation of NANOG induces differentiation of human embryonic stem cells to extraembryonic lineages. Stem Cells 23: 1035-1043.
  • Hayman, M.W., Smith, K.H., Cameron, N.R. & Przyborski, S.A. (2005). Growth of human stem cell-derived neurons on solid three dimensional polymers. Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods, 62, 231-240 62: 231-240.
  • Hayman, MW, Smith, KH, Cameron, NR & Przyborski, SA (2005). Growth of human stem cell-derived neurons on solid three-dimensional polymers. Journal Of Biochemical And Biophysical Methods 62(3): 231-240.
  • Stewart, R., Lako, M., Coyne, L., Halliwell, R.F. & Przyborski, S.A. (2005). Human embryonal carcinoma stem cells expressing green fluorescent protein form functioning neurons in vitro: a research tool for co-culture studies. Stem Cells and Development 13: 646-657.
  • Stojkovic, P., Lako, M., Przyborski, S.A., Stewart, R., Armstrong L., Evans, J., Murdoch A., Strachan T. & Stojkovic, M. (2005). Human-serum matrix supports undifferentiated growth of human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cells 23: 895-902.
  • Stewart, R., Lako, M., Horrocks, G.M. & Przyborski, S.A. (2005). Investigating neural development by transplantation of human embryonal carcinoma stem cells expressing green fluorescent protein. Cell Transplantation 14: 339-351.
  • Stewart, R, Lako, M, Horrocks, GM & Przyborski, SA (2005). Neural development by transplanted human embryonal carcinoma stem cells expressing green fluorescent protein. Cell Transplantation 14(6): 339-351.
  • Mellough, C., Wood, A. & Przyborski, S.A. (2005). Pharmaceutical manipulation of neuroprogenitor pathways in situ: possibilities for neural restoration in the injured adult brain. Current Medicinal Chemistry 5: 67-81.
  • A. Barbetta, R. J. Carnachan, K. H. Smith, C. T. Zhao, N. R. Cameron, R. Kataky, M. Hayman, S. A. Przyborski & M. Swan (2005). Porous polymers by emulsion templating. Macromolecular Symposia 226: 203-211.
  • Stewart, R. & Przyborski, S. A. (2004). Changes in oxygen concentration modulate neural differentiation in human embryonal carcinoma stem cells. Journal Of Anatomy 205(6): 535.
  • Stojkovic, M., Lako, M., Stojkovic, P., Stewart, R., Przyborski, S.A., Armstrong L., Evans J., Herbert M., Hyslop L., Ahmad S., Murdoch A. & Strachan T. (2004). Derivation of human embryonic stem cells from day 8 blastocysts recovered after three-step in vitro culture. Stem Cells 22: 790-797.
  • Horrocks, G. M. & Przyborski, S. A. (2004). Determination of neural and epithelial cell fate in the human embryonic ectoderm: the role of bone morphogenetic proteins. Journal Of Anatomy 205(6): 525.
  • Hayman, MW, Smith, KH, Cameron, NR & Przyborski, SA (2004). Enhanced neurite outgrowth by human neurons grown on solid three-dimensional scaffolds. Biochemical And Biophysical Research Communications 314(2): 483-488.
  • Hayman, M.W., Smith, K.H., Cameron, N.R. & Przyborski, S.A. (2004). Enhanced neurite outgrowth by human neurons grown on solid three-dimensional scaffolds. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 314: 483-488.
  • Croft, A.P. & Przyborski, S.A. (2004). Generation of neuroprogenitor-like cells from adult mammalian bone marrow stromal cells in vitro. Stem Cells and Development 13: 409-420.
  • Croft, AP & Przyborski, SA (2004). Generation of neuroprogenitor-like cells from adult mammalian bone marrow stromal cells in vitro. Stem Cells And Development 13(4): 409-420.
  • Przyborski, S.A., Christie, V.B., Hayman, M.W., Stewart, R. & Horrocks, G.M. (2004). Human embryonal carcinoma cells: models of human embryonic development in man. Stem Cells and Development 13: 400-408.
  • Stewart, R., Lako, M., Coyne, L., Halliwell, R.F. & Przyborski, S.A. (2004). Human embryonal carcinoma stem cells expressing green fluorescent protein form functioning neurons in vitro: a research tool for co-culture studies. Stem Cells 13: 646-657.
  • Stewart, R, Coyne, L, Lako, M, Halliwell, RF & Przyborski, SA (2004). Human embryonal carcinoma stem cells expressing green fluorescent protein form functioning neurons in vitro: A research tool for co-culture studies. Stem Cells And Development 13(6): 646-657.
  • Przyborski, SA, Christie, VB, Hayman, MW, Stewart, R & Horrocks, GM (2004). Human embryonal carcinoma stem cells: Models of embryonic development in humans. Stem Cells And Development 13(4): 400-408.
  • Croft, A.P. & Przyborski, S.A. (2004). Mesenchymal stem cells from the bone marrow stroma: basic biology and potential for cell therapy. Current Anaesthesia & Critical Care 15: 410-417.
  • Hayman, M.W. & Przyborski, S.A. (2004). Proteomic identification of biomarkers expressed by human pluripotent stem cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 316: 918-923.
  • Hayman, MW & Przyborski, SA (2004). Proteomic identification of biomarkers expressed by human pluripotent stem cells. Biochemical And Biophysical Research Communications 316(3): 918-923.
  • Horrocks G.M., Lauder L., Stewart R. & Przyborski S.A. (2003). Formation of neurospheres from human embryonal carcinoma stem cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 304: 411-416.
  • Stewart R., Christie V. & Przyborski S.A. (2003). Manipulation of human pluripotent embryonal carcinoma stem cells and the development of neural subtypes. Stem Cells 21(3): 248-256.
  • Przyborski, S.A., Smith, S. & Wood, A. (2003). Transcriptional profiling of neuronal differentiation by human embryonal carcinoma stem cells in vitro. Stem Cells 21(4): 459-471.
  • Stewart, R. & Przyborski S.A. (2002). Non-neural Adult Stem Cells: Tools for Brain Repair? BioEssays 24: 708-713.
  • Edgar J.H., Bronson R.T., Harris B., Johnson K., Przyborski S.A. & Ackerman, S.L. (2002). Unc5h3 and Dcc are necessary at multiple choice points for the guidance of corticospinal tract axons. Journal of Neuroscience 22: 10346-10356.
  • Przyborski S.A. (2001). Isolation of human embryonal carcinoma stem cells by immuno-magnetic sorting. Stem Cells 19(6): 500-504.
  • Przyborski, SA (2001). Isolation of human embryonal carcinoma stem cells by immunomagnetic sorting. Stem Cells 19(6): 500-504.
  • Maltman, DJ, Brand, S, Belau, E, Paape, R, Suckau, D & Przyborski, SA (2001). Top-down label-free LC-MALDI analysis of the peptidome during neural progenitor cell differentiation reveals complexity in cytoskeletal protein dynamics and identifies progenitor cell markers. Proteomics 20: 3992-4006.
  • Przyborski S.A., Morton I.E., Wood A. & Andrews P.W. (2000). Developmental regulation of neurogenesis in the pluripotent human embryonal carcinoma cell line NTERA2. European Journal of Neuroscience 12: 3521-3528.
  • Goldowitz D., Hamre K.M., Przyborski S.A. & Ackerman S.L. (2000). Granule cells and cerebellar boundaries: Analysis of Unc5h3 mutant chimeras. Journal of Neuroscience 20: 4129-4137.

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