Bioarchaeology

The staff and research students in the Bioarchaeology Research Group at Durham undertaking cutting edge and internationally renowned research reconstructing human lifeways using biological remains. Members of the group have a broad range of expertise in biomolecular archaeology, demography, palaeopathology, zooarchaeology, archaeobotany, and palaeoecology.

We are involved in a wide range of funded research projects on diverse geographical and temporal scales. Major collaborative projects are a hallmark of the Bioarchaeology Research Group and thus we believe the academic environment for such work within the Department of Archaeology at Durham is currently unsurpassed anywhere in the UK.

The group focuses on two major research themes, addressing major archaeological questions with new techniques, alongside established methods. Some projects naturally fit into both themes:

Dispersals, domestication and the origins and spread of agriculture
Health and disease

We have consistently obtained funding for this work with research grants from the AHRC, NERC, the British Academy, the Wellcome Trust and the Leverhulme Trust. Visiting scholars in recent years have included Prof Jane Buikstra (Arizona State University, funded by the Institute of Advanced Studies).

The group include a large number of post-doctoral researchers and PhD students, and taught postgraduate students (MSc Palaeopathology) and undergraduate students undertaking dissertations, all focusing on key research areas. The Department has a vibrant seminar series, including a particular focus on human bioarchaeology. We are also active in outreach activities such as the Festival of British Archaeology, Open Days, and Public Lectures, and we work with external organisations on projects and consultancies.

New research students

We welcome enquiries about potential research projects at post-graduate and post-doctoral levels, and encourage interested scholars to contact relevant people within the research group in the first instance.

Dispersals, domestication and the origins and spread of agriculture

Our group uses a variety of analytical techniques to investigate the movement of people and the animals that travel with them. Rebecca Gowland in collaboration with Dr Rebecca Redfern (Museum of London) is examining the relationship between skeletal evidence for poor health and migration in skeletal remains from Roman London. Greger Larson, and Keith Dobney (now at Aberdeen University), are using novel genetic and morphometric methods to study the dispersal of animals across Europe (pig and Orkney vole), and the Pacific (pig and Pacific rat), which has led to a new model for Austronesian dispersal. Mike Church uses innovative approaches to dating and charcoal production in Norse and medieval Iceland to investigate the timing and impact of Norse landnám in the North Atlantic. Andrew Millard uses oxygen and strontium isotope analyses to investigate the migration of individuals.

Our projects in the area of domestication and the origins of agriculture focus on the origins and spread of domesticated animals and plants, and the later innovations in husbandry and cultivation practices. Peter Rowley-Conwy is continuing his examination of the spread of agriculture into Northern and Western Europe. His PhD student Rosie Bishop has (with Mike Church) recently produced a major study of the cultivated crops of Neolithic Scotland. This is part of a wider consideration of the spread of domesticated animals and cultivated crops with a specific focus on southern Scandinavia, the British Isles, and the West Mediterranean. Rowley-Conwy also has a two-year project funded by the Leverhulme Trust (started 1 December 2009) to investigate pre-elm decline 'cereal-type' pollen grains found in northern England. The aim is to use high-resolution pollen analysis, pioneered by the Co-Investigator, Jim Innes (Geography), to see whether such pollen grains occur in an ecological context suggesting small-scale clearance and agriculture before the start of the conventional Neolithic. Rowley-Conwy is also finishing up a project on the agricultural history of Qasr Ibrim in Lower Nubia, a site which was occupied for 3000 years (1000 BC - AD 1800). This was NERC funded and will in due course result in a monograph.

The on-going Pig Project has had a number of grants and involves Peter Rowley-Conwy, Greger Larson and Keith Dobney in wide-ranging studies of pig domestication and exploitation, which are having a major impact in this field. An initial Wellcome Trust and AHRB funded project on the bioarchaeology of pig domestication and husbandry established that pigs were domesticated in a number of different places and at different times. A NERC grant awarded to Larson, Viðarsdóttir (Anthropology), Hoelzel (Biological Sciences), and Dobney began in 2008 and will further develop and apply the combined techniques of aDNA and geometric morphometrics in domestic and wild pigs to explore signatures for independent domestication and the dispersal of early farmers in Europe.

Larson, Viðarsdóttir (Anthropology), and Dobney are also using novel genetic and morphometric methods to study the dispersal of animals in the Pacific (pig and Pacific rat), which has led to a new model for Austronesian dispersal. In January 2010 they received a NERC standard grant entitled: Reconsidering Austronesian Homeland and Dispersal Models using Genetic and Morphological Signatures of Domestic Animals. This project began in Oct. 2010 and will run for three years. They are also involved in a similar project that will use domestic and commensal animals to understand the migration of people and the trade routes across the Indian Ocean.

Recently, Larson was recently awarded a National Evolutionary Synthesis Centre (NESCent) grant entitled - Domestication as an Evolutionary Phenomenon: Expanding the Synthesis. This grant will allow us to host a meeting in April 2011 in North Carolina to better understand the origins of domestic plants and animals and the effects of that process on both people and their domestic and commensal partners.

Post-doctoral researchers in this theme: Bruce Albert, Ross Barnett, Anna Linderholm

Research students in this theme: Rosie Bishop, Linus Girdland Flink, Ophelie Lebrasseur, Angela Perri, Alexandra Trinks, James Walker, Don O'Meara and Rachael Bold.

Health and disease

Charlotte Roberts, Becky Gowland, Anwen Caffell and Tina Jakob (Teaching Fellows), and Sarah Groves and Charlotte Henderson (Honorary Research Associates) explore aspects of past human health through question and hypothesis driven research, placed in a socio-cultural context. Current major projects focus on specific diseases and include studies of the origin and evolution of tuberculosis using biomolecular analysis (Roberts, Co-I with Terry Brown, Manchester University, and Research Associate Abi Bouwman, Manchester University, and Kirsty McCarrison, PhD student Durham; NERC funded and finishes April 2011), biomolecular and histological approaches to identifying tuberculosis and syphilis in skeletal remains (Roberts and Research Associate Tanya Von Hunnius; SSHRC, Canada funded), Health and diet in ancient Nubia through political and climatic change (Roberts, Co-I with Neal Spencer, British Museum and Michaela Binder, PhD student Durham; Leverhulme Trust funded; finishes September 2013), and morbidity and malaria in Anglo-Saxon wetlands (Gowland, with Research Assistants Gaynor Western and Martin Redding, and Ross Kendall, PhD student, Durham; British Academy funded;) .

More general approaches to the health of communities form the basis of studies of the Roman Empire (Gowland and Millard with Rebecca Redfern, Museum of London and Lindsay Powell, PhD student Durham; Health, diet and living environment in the Roman Empire;) and the ongoing Global History of Health project (Roberts with Rick Steckel and Clark Larsen, Ohio State University, USA;). Our research also examines the relationship between skeletal evidence and aspects of social identity including age (Jen Sharman, PhD student), gender, elder abuse (Gowland), and disability (Julie Peacock and Will Southwell-Wright, PhD students).

Post-doctoral researchers in this theme: Abi Bouwman (Manchester University), Tanya von Hunnius

PhD students in this theme: Zahra Afshar, Karen Bernofsky, Louise Bertini, Michaela Binder, Marta Diaz Zorita Bonilla, Carrie Drew, Joy Eddy, Marieke Gernay, Jaime Jennings, Devon Kase, Ross Kendall, Kirsty McCarrison, Julie Peacock, Kim Plomp, Lindsay Powell, Jen Sharman, Will Southwell-Wright, Ashley Tallyn.

Publications by staff in this group

Books: authored

Gowland, R. L. & Thompson, T. J. U. (2013). Human Identity and Identification. Cambridge Cambridge University Press.
Roberts, C.A. (2012). Human remains in archaeology. A handbook. Practical Handbooks in Archaeology No 19. Council for British Archaeology.
Roberts, C.A. (2009). Human remains in archaeology: a handbook. Practical Handbooks in Archaeology No 19. York.: Council for British Archaeology.
Roberts, C.A. & Buikstra, J.E. (2008). The bioarchaeology of tuberculosis. A global view on a reemerging disease. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida.
Roberts, C.A. & Buikstra, J.E. (2003). The bioarchaeology of tuberculosis: a global view on a re-emerging disease. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida.

Books: edited

Buikstra, JE & Roberts, CA (2012). The Global History of Paleopathology: Pioneers and Prospects. Oxford University Press.

Edited works: contributions

Redfern, R. C. & Gowland, R. L. (2012). A bioarchaeological perspective on the pre-adult stages of the life course: implications for the care and health of children in the Roman Empire. In Families in the Roman and Late Antique World. Harlow, M. & Larsson Loven, L. Continuum. 111-140.

Journal papers: academic

Beaumont, J., Gledhill, A., Lee-Thorp, J. & Montgomery, J. (2013). Childhood diet: a closer examination of the evidence from dental tissues using stable isotope analysis of incremental human dentine. Archaeometry 55(2): 277-295.
Beaumont, J., Geber, J., Powers, N., Wilson, A.S., Lee-Thorp, Julia & Montgomery, J. (2013). Victims and survivors: stable isotopes used to identify migrants from the Great Irish Famine to 19th Century London. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 150: 87-98.
Larson, G & Burger, J (2013). A population genetics view of animal domestication. Trends in Genetics 29(4): 197-205.
Gowland, R.L. & Western, A.G. (2012). Morbidity in the Marshes: Using Spatial Epidemiology to Investigate Skeletal Evidence for Malaria in Anglo-Saxon England (AD410-1050). American Journal of Physical Anthropology 147(2): 301-311.
Evans, J.A., Chenery, C.A. & Montgomery, J. (2012). A summary of strontium and oxygen isotope variation in archaeological human tooth enamel excavated from Britain. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 27(5): 754.
Brettell, R., Montgomery, J. & Evans, J. (2012). Brewing and stewing: the effect of culturally mediated behaviour on the oxygen isotope composition of ingested fluids and the implications for human provenance studies. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 27(5): 778.
Assis, S, Santos, AL & Roberts, CA (2012). Does hypertrophic osteoarthropathy help in the diagnosis of pulmonary diseases: evidence from the Coimbra Skeletal Identified Collection. International Journal of Palaeopathology 1(3-4): 155-163.
Bouwman, AS, Kennedy, SL, Muller, R, Stephens, RH, Holst, M, Caffell, AC, Roberts, CA & Brown, TA (2012). Genotype of a historic strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109(45): 18511-18516.
Roberts, CA, Millard, AR, Nowell, GM, Grocke, D, Macpherson, C, Pearson G & Evans, DH (2012). Isotopic tracing of the impact of mobility on infectious disease: The origin of people with treponematosis buried in hull, England, in the late medieval period. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 150(2): 273-285.
Larson, Greger, Karlsson, Elinor K., Perri, Angela, Webster, Matthew T., Ho, Simon Y. W., Peters, Joris, Stahl, Peter W., Piper, Philip J., Lingaas, Frode, Fredholm, Merete, Comstock, Kenine E., Modiano, Jaime F., Schelling, Claude, Agoulnik, Alexander I., Leegwater, Peter A., Dobney, Keith, Vigne, Jean-Denis, Vilàt, Carles, Andersson, Leif & Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin (2012). Rethinking dog domestication by integrating genetics, archeology, and biogeography. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109(23): 8878-8883.
Towers, Jacqueline, Jay, Mandy, Mainland, Ingrid, Nehlich, Olaf & Montgomery, Janet (2011). A calf for all seasons? The potential of stable isotope analysis to investigate prehistoric husbandry practices. Journal of Archaeological Science 38(8): 1858-1868.
Killgrove, K., Montgomery, J. & Tykot, R. (2011). Dietary differences between immigrants and locals in Imperial Rome. American Journal Of Physical Anthropology 144: 185-185.
Melton, N.D. & Montgomery, J. (2011). GRISTHORPE MAN Bronze Age burial Solving the riddle of this mysterious stranger, first discovered in 1834. Current Archaeology (250): 20-27.
Mays, S., Ogden, A., Montgomery, J., Vincent, S., Battersby, W. & Taylor, G.M. (2011). New light on the personal identification of a skeleton of a member of Sir John Franklin's last expedition to the Arctic, 1845. Journal Of Archaeological Science 38(7): 1571-1582.
Roberts, C.A. & Mays, S. (2011). Study and restudy of curated skeletal collections in bioarchaeology: a perspective on the UK and the implications for future curation of human remains. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 21(5): 626-630.
Larson (2011). Genetics and Domestication: Important Questions for New Answers. Current Anthropology 52(S4): S485-S495.
Gowland, R. L. & Garnsey, P. (2010). Skeletal evidence for health, nutritional status and malaria in Rome and the empire. Journal of Roman Archaeology Supplement 78: 131-156.
Towers, J., Montgomery, J., Evans, J., Jay, M. & Pearson, M.P. (2010). An investigation of the origins of cattle and aurochs deposited in the Early Bronze Age barrows at Gayhurst and Irthlingborough. Journal Of Archaeological Science 37(3): 508-515.
Montgomery, J., Evans, J.A. & Horstwood, M.S.A. (2010). Evidence for long-term averaging of strontium in bovine enamel using TIMS and LA-MC-ICP-MS strontium isotope intra-molar profiles. Environmental Archaeology 15(1): 32-42.
Buckberry, J.L., Montgomery, J., Neale, N. & Towers, J. (2010). Finding Vikings in the Danelaw: An osteological and isotopic analysis of the Masham Anglo-Scandinavian cemetery. American Journal Of Physical Anthropology 74-74.
Montgomery, J., Evans, J.A., Chenery, S. R., Pashley, V. & Killgrove, K. (2010). Gleaming, white and deadly” using lead to track human exposure and geographic origins in the Roman period in Britain. Journal of Roman Archaeology Suppl. 78: 199-226.
Melton, Nigel, Montgomery, Janet, Knüsel, Christopher J., Batt, Cathy, Needham, Stuart, Pearson, Mike Parker, Sheridan, Alison, Heron, Carl, Horsley, Tim, Schmidt, Armin, Evans, Adrian, Carter, Elizabeth, Edwards, Howell, Hargreaves, Michael, Janaway, Rob, Lynnerup, Niels, Northover, Peter, O'Connor, Sonia, Ogden, Alan, Taylor, Timothy, Wastling, Vaughan & Wilson, Andrew (2010). Gristhorpe Man: an Early Bronze Age log-coffin burial scientifically defined. Antiquity 84(325): 796-815.
Melton, N., Montgomery, J., Knusel, C.J., Batt, C., Needham, S., Pearson, M.P., Sheridan, A., Heron, C., Horsley, T., Schmidt, A., Evans, A., Carter, E., Edwards, H., Hargreaves, M., Janaway, R., Lynnerup, N., Northover, P., O'Connor, S., Ogden, A., Taylor, T., Wastling, V. & Wilson, A. (2010). Gristhorpe Man: an Early Bronze Age log-coffin burial scientifically defined. Antiquity 84(325): 796-815.
Montgomery, J. (2010). Passports from the past: Investigating human dispersals using strontium isotope analysis of tooth enamel. Annals Of Human Biology 37(3): 325-346.
Evans, J.A., Montgomery, J., Wildman, G. & Boulton, N. (2010). Spatial variations in biosphere 87Sr/86Sr in Britain. Journal Of The Geological Society 167(1): 1-4.
Knusel, C.J., Batt, C.M., Cook, G., Montgomery, J., Muldner, G., Ogden, A.R., Palmer, C., Stern, B., Todd, J. & Wilson, A.S. (2010). The Identity of the St Bees Lady, Cumbria: An Osteobiographical Approach. Medieval Archaeology 54(1): 271-311.
Roberts, C.A. (2010). Adaptation of populations to changing environments: Bioarchaeological perspectives on health for the past, present and future. Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'Anthropologie de Paris 22(1-2): 38-46.
Larson, Greger, Liu, Ranran, Zhao, Xingbo, Yuan, Jing, Fuller, Dorian, Barton, Loukas, Dobney, Keith, Fan, Qipeng, Gu, Zhiliang, Liu, Xiao-Hui, Luo, Yunbing, Lv, Peng, Andersson, Leif & Li, Ning (2010). Patterns of East Asian pig domestication, migration, and turnover revealed by modern and ancient DNA. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107(17): 7686-7691
Montgomery, J., Evans, J. & Horstwood, M.S.A. (2009). Evidence for long-term averaging of Sr-87/Sr-86 in bovine enamel using TIMS and LA-MC-ICP-MS. Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta 73(13, Supplement 1): A896-A896.
Evans, J.A., Montgomery, J. & Wildman, G. (2009). Isotope domain mapping of Sr-87/Sr-86 biosphere variation on the Isle of Skye, Scotland. Journal of The Geological Society 166: 617-631.
Evans, J.A., Montgomery, J. & Wildman, G. (2009). Isotope domain mapping of Sr-87/Sr-86 biosphere variation, UK. Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta 73(13): A344-A344.
Muldner, G., Montgomery, J., Cook, G., Ellam, R., Gledhill, A. & Lowe, C. (2009). Isotopes and individuals: diet and mobility among the medieval Bishops of Whithorn. Antiquity 83(322): 1119-1133.
Nehlich, O., Montgomery, J., Evans, J., Schade-Lindig, S., Pichler, S.L., Richards, M.P. & Alt, K.W. (2009). Mobility or migration: a case study from the Neolithic settlement of Nieder-Mörlen (Hessen, Germany). Journal Of Archaeological Science 36(8): 1791-1799.
Heier, A., Evans, J.A. & Montgomery, J. (2009). The potential of carbonized grain to preserve biogenic (SR)-S-87/(SR)-S-86 signatures within the burial environment. Archaeometry 51(2): 277-291.
Wilbur, AK., Bouwman, AS., Stone, AC. Roberts, CA., Pfister, L. Buikstra, JE. & Brown, TA. (2009). Deficiencies and challenges in the study of ancient tuberculosis DNA. J Archaeological Science 36(9): 1990-1997.
Roberts, CA., Pfister, L. & Mays, S. (2009). Letter to the editor. Was tuberculosis present in Homo erectus in Turkey?. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 139(3): 442-444.
Stone, AC. Wilbur, AK. Buikstra, JE. & Roberts, CA. (2009). Mycobacterial disease in perspective. Yearbook of Physical Anthropology 52: 66-94.
Redman, J.E., Shaw, M.J., Mallet, A.I., Santos, A.L., Roberts, C.A., Gernaey, A.M. & Minnikin, D.E. (2009). Mycocerosic acid biomarkers for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in the Coimbra skeletal collection. Tuberculosis 89(4): 267-277.
Park, V., Roberts, CA. & Jakob, T. (2009). Palaeopathology in Britain: a critical analysis of publications with the aim of exploring recent trends (1997-2006). International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 19: 1-11.
Fang, M. Larson, G. Soares Ribeiro, H., Li, N. & Andersson, L. (2009). Contrasting Mode of Evolution at a Coat Color Locus in Wild and Domestic Pigs. PLoS Genetics 5(1): e1000341.
Horstwood, M.S.A., Evans, J.A. & Montgomery, J. (2008). Determination of Sr isotopes in calcium phosphates using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and their application to archaeological tooth enamel. Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta 72(23): 5659-5674.
Pellegrini, M., Donahue, R.E., Chenery, C., Evans, J., Lee-Thorp, J., Montgomery, J. & Mussi, M. (2008). Faunal migration in late-glacial central Italy: implications for human resource exploitation. Rapid Communications In Mass Spectrometry 22(11): 1714-1726.
Richards, M.P., Montgomery, J., Nehlich, O. & Grimes, V. (2008). Isotopic analysis of humans and animals from Vedrovice. Anthropologie XLVI(2-3): 185-194.
Jurmain, R. & Roberts, C.A. (2008). Juggling the evidence: the purported 'acrobat' from Tell Brak. Antiquity 82(318).
Roberts, C.A. & Ingham, S. (2008). Using ancient DNA analysis in palaeopathology: a critical analysis of published papers with recommendations for future work. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 18(6): 600-613.
Eriksson J. Larson G. Gunnarsson U., Bed'hom B. Tixier-Boichard M., Strömstedt, L., Wright, D., Jungerius, A. Vereijken, A. Randi, E. Jensen, P. & Andersson, L. (2008). Identification of the Yellow Skin Gene Reveals a Hybrid Origin of the Domestic Chicken. PLoS Genetics 4(2): e1000010.
Andrew Mellows Ross Barnett, Love Dalén, Edson Sandoval-Castellanos, Anna Linderholm, Thomas H. McGovern, Mike J. Church & Greger Larson (Published). The impact of past climate change on genetic variation and population connectivity in the Icelandic arctic fox. Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences 279(1747): 4568-4573.

Journal papers: popular

Redfern, R, Gowland, R & Powell, L (2013). La sante des enfants sous l'Empire romain. Dossiers d'Archaeologie 356: 80-83.

Books: reviews

Gowland, R. L (2010). Palaeoepidemiology: the measure of disease in the human past. Medical History 54(3): 407-408.
Roberts, C.A. (2010). Book review of Luke Demaitre: Leprosy in Premodern Medicine. A malady of the whole body. The Historian 72(3): 718-719.
Gowland, R.L. (2009). Children, Identity, and the Past. Edited by Liv Helga Dommasnes and Melanie Wrigglesworth. Childhood in the Past: An International Journal
Roberts, C.A. (2009). Book Review of Burial at the Site of the Parish Church of St Benet Sherehog before and after the Great Fire. Excavations at 1 Poultry, City of London. (MoLAS Monograph 39). By Adrian Miles & William White, with Danae Tankard. London: Museum of London, 2008. Medieval Archaeology 53: 464-465.
Roberts, C.A. (2009). Book review of M Signoli, D Chevé, P Adalaina, G Boëtsch, O Dutour (editors) 2008 Peste: entre épidemies et sociétés, Plague: epidemics and societies, 2007, Firenze University Press. Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'Anthropologie de Paris 20(3-4): 287-288.
Roberts, C.A. (2009). Book review of R David (ed): Egyptian mummies and modern science, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. Journal of Archaeological Science 36(8): 1816-1817.
Roberts C.A. (2009). Book review of The Black Death Cemetery, East Smithfield, London (MoLAS Monograph 43). By Ian Grainger, Duncan Hawkins, Lynne Cowal & Richard Mikulski. London: English Heritage/Museum of London Archaeology Service, 2008. Medieval Archaeology 53: 462-463.
Roberts, C.A. (2008). Book Review of T Waldron: St Peter’s, Barton-on-Humber, Lincolnshire. A Parish Church and its community. Volume 2. The human remains. Oxbow Books. Medieval Archaeology 52: 428-430.
Roberts, C.A. (2008). Book review of The Churchyard. Wharram: a Study of Settlement on the Yorkshire Wolds, XI by S. Mays, C. Harding, C. Heighway. York University Archaeological Publications, Vol. 13, York, 2007). Journal of Archaeological Science 35(7): 2083-2084.

Other publications: research

Roberts, CA, Alves Cardoso, F, Bernofsky, K, Henderson, C, Jakob T, Plomp, K, Ponce, P, Sharman, J & Spencer, R (2012). Palaeopathology: studying the origin, evolution and frequency of disease in human remains from archaeological sites. UNESCO EOLSS.

Books: sections

Richards, M.P. & Montgomery, J. (2012). Isotope analysis and paleopathology: A short review and future developments. In The Global History of Paleopathology: Pioneers and Prospects. Buikstra, J.E. & Roberts, C.A. Oxford University Press. 718-731.
Zvelebil, M. Lillie, M.C., Montgomery, J. , Lukes, A. Pettitt, P. & Richards, M.P. (2012). The emergence of the LBK: Migration, memory and meaning at the transition to agriculture. In Population Dynamics in Pre- and Early History: New Approaches By Using Stable Isotopes and Genetics. Burger, J. Kaiser, E. & Schier, W. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. 133-148.
Roberts, CA (2012). Re-emerging infections: developments in bioarchaeological contributions to understanding tuberculosis today. In A companion to paleopathology. Grauer, A Wiley-Blackwell. 434-457.
Roberts, CA (2012). Where have we been, where are we now, and what does the future hold? palaeopathology in the Uk over the last 30 years, with a few bees in my bonnet. In Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference of the British Association of Biological Anthropology and Osteoarchaeology. Mitchell, PD & Buckberry, J Archaeopress. 43-52.
Montgomery, J., Knüsel, C. & Tucker, K. (2011). Identifying the origins of decapitated male skeletons from 3 Driffield Terrace, York, through isotope analysis: reflections of the cosmopolitan nature of Roman York in the time of Caracalla. In The Bioarchaeology of the Human Head: Decapitation, Decoration and Deformation. Bonogofsky, M. University Press of Florida. 141-178.
Roberts, C.A. (2010). Human Remains. In Excavations at Baldock, Hertfordshire, 1978-1994. Volume 1. An Iron Age and Romano-British cemetery at Wallington Road. Burleigh, G.R & Fitzpatrick-Matthews, K.J. Letchworth Garden City: North Hertfordshire District Council Museums Service and North Hertfordshire Archaeological Society. 1: 187-197.
Montgomery, J., Muldner, G., Cook, G., Gledhill, A. & Ellam, R. (2009). Isotope analysis of bone collagen and tooth enamel. In 'Clothing for the Soul Divine': Burials at the Tomb of St Ninian. Excavations at Whithorn Priory, 1957-67. Lowe, C. Historic Scotland. Archaeology Report No.3: 63-80.
Montgomery, J., Evans, J. A., Chenery, C. A. & Müldner, G. (2009). Stable isotope analysis of bone. In Wasperton: A Roman, British and Anglo-Saxon Community in Central England. Carver, M.O.H., Hills, C. & Scheschkewitz, J. Boydell and Brewer. 48-49.
Roberts, CA. (2009). Health and welfare in medieval England: the human skeletal remains contextualised. In Reflections:50 years of medieval archaeology 1957-2007. Gilchrist, R. & Reynolds, A. Leeds: Maney Publishers. 307-325.
Roberts, C.A. (2009). Health and welfare: lessons from the past. In Thinking about almost everything new ideas to light up minds. Amin, A. & O'Neill, M. London.: Profile Books Ltd.
Roberts, C.A. (2008). Commentary I: Understanding health: past and present. In Health, risk and adversity. Panter-Brick, C. & Fuentes A. New York and Oxford: Berghahn Books. Volume 2, Studies of the Biosocial Society.: 13-25.
Roberts, C.A. (2008). Health, healing and disease. In Encylopedia of Archaeology. Pearsall, D. New York: Academic Press. 1417-1426.
Roberts, C.A. & Buikstra, J.E. (2008). The history of tuberculosis from earliest times to the development of drugs. In Clinical tuberculosis. Davies, P.D.O., Barnes, P.F. & Gordon, S.B. London: Hodder Arnold. 3-19.

Edited works: conference proceedings

Lewis, M. E. & Gowland, R. L. (2009). Infantile cortical hyperostosis: cases, causes and contradictions. Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Conference of the British Association for Biological Anthropology and Osteoarchaeology, University of Reading, Archaeopress.